湖团移民的自救与抗争——以动荡社会的灾民自救为中心考察  

The Self-salvation and Resistance of Lake Group Migrants——Centering on the Self-salvation of the Victims in the Turbulent Society

作　　者：鲍田原[1] Bao Tianyuan(Trade Union,Qilu Normal University,Jinan 250200,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁师范学院工会,山东济南250200

出　　处：《齐鲁师范学院学报》2022年第1期123-133,共11页Journal of Qilu Normal University

摘　　要：清朝咸同年间,曹州、济宁灾民组织自救,流徙到微山湖西岸领垦湖荒发展生产,组织团练武装自卫。在社会动荡的环境中,湖团长期被地方官府疑忌、土著嫉恨和各类民变暴力集团掳掠,生存受到严重威胁。他们举绅衿为领袖,借团练之机自我武装,武装对抗来自各方的威胁;同时尽民本分,与官府良性互动,听调助剿,捐纳钱粮,树立忠于清廷的良民形象,由此化解了几次被驱逐的危机;对内实施自治,建立管理制度,发展经济,壮大自身力量,最终在同治五年得到清廷准予所垦地亩永世为业的承诺。During the Xiantong period of the Qing Dynasty, the victims in Caozhou and Jining organized self-rescue, migrated to the west coast of Nansi Lake to develop the reclamation lake, and organized armed groups to practice self-defense. In the environment of social unrest, Hutuan’s survival is seriously threatened by the suspicion of the local government, the native people’s jealousy and various violent groups in the uprising. They elected the gentry as their leaders, took the opportunity of the regiment training to arm themselves and armed themselves against the threats from all sides. At the same time, they did their duty by interacting with the government in a benign way, obeying orders, assisting the suppression, and donating money and grain,so as to establish a good image of the people of the Qing Court at last, and this averted several expulsions. They exercised selfgovernment internally, established a management system, developed the economy and strengthened their own strength. Finally, in the fifth years of Tongzhi, the Qing government granted the land to be cultivated as an undertaking forever.

关 键 词：湖团 移民 自救 抗争 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]