乳酸菌和纤维素酶对狼尾草和圆叶决明混合青贮品质的影响  

Effect of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase on the mixed silage of Pennisetum and Chamaecrista rotundifolia

作　　者：黄小云[1] 陈长福 黄勤楼[1] 游小凤[1] 冯德庆[1] 黄秀声[1] HUANG Xiaoyun;CHEN Changfu;HUANG Qinlou;YOU Xiaofeng;FENG Deqing;HUANG Xiusheng(Agriculture Ecology Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Recycling Agriculture in Hilly Areas,Fuzhou 350013,China;Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Longyan 364000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所/福建省丘陵地区循环农业工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013 [2]福建省龙岩市动物疫病预防控制中心,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2022年第2期36-40,共5页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2020R1021002,2021R1021006);龙岩市科技计划项目(2020LYF9020);福建省人民政府-中国农业科学院“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021010);福建省农业科学院项目(CXTD2021009-1)。

摘　　要：为研究青贮添加剂对狼尾草和圆叶决明混合青贮效果的影响,利用乳酸菌、纤维素酶作为青贮添加剂对狼尾草和圆叶决明(混合比例为75∶25)进行混合青贮研究。试验设4个处理组,分别为对照组(无添加),试验Ⅰ组(添加≥1.0×10^(5)CFU·g;乳酸菌剂),试验Ⅱ组(添加0.2 g·kg^(-1)纤维素酶),试验Ⅲ组(同时添加≥1.0×10^(5)CFU·g;乳酸菌剂和0.2 g·kg^(-1)纤维素酶),青贮45 d后对饲料的感官指标、发酵品质和营养成分进行比较分析。结果显示:试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅲ组的感官评分整体上略优于对照组和试验Ⅱ组,单独或复合添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶均能显著降低混合青贮料的pH值(P<0.05)、提高乳酸含量(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组青贮料的乳酸、乙酸、丙酸和乳酸乙酸比均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而pH和氨态氮占总氮(NH;-N/TN)比值明显低于对照组(P<0.05);在青贮营养品质方面,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的粗蛋白含量分别比对照组提高了17.02%、14.61%、20.78%,通过添加纤维素酶,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)均有不同程度的降解,分别比对照组降低了6.79%和8.12%。提示:单独添加乳酸菌处理组的青贮效果最好。The aim of this article was to explore the effect of silage additives on the mixed silage of Pennisetum and Chamaecrista rotundifolia at a ratio of 75∶25. Using lactic acid bacteria and cellulase as silage additives to determine the effect of the mixed silage, the experiment was composed of 4 treatments, namely the Control Group(with no addition), Group Ⅰ(added with≥1.0×10^(5)CFU·g;lactic acid bacteria), Group Ⅱ(added with 0.2 g·kg^(-1)cellulase), and Group Ⅲ(added with ≥1.0×10^(5)CFU·g;lactic acid bacteria and 0.2 g·kg^(-1)cellulase). After 45 days of silage, the sensory indicators, fermentation quality and nutritional components of the feed were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the sensory scores of Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ were slightly better than those of the Control Group and Group Ⅱ on the whole. Addition of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase singly or in combination both significantly reduced the pH of the mixed silage and increased the content of lactic acid( P<0.05). The contents of lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and the lactic acid/acetic acid ratio in the silage of Group Ⅰwere significantly higher than those of the Control Group( P<0.05), while the pH and the NH;-N/TN ratio were significantly lower than the Control Group(P<0.05). In terms of the nutritional quality of the silage, the crude protein content of Groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ was increased by 17.02%, 14.61%, and 20.78%, compared with the Control Group, respectively. Adding cellulose degraded NDF and ADF in the silage by 6.79% and 8.12%, respectively. The present experiment suggested that the treatment of Group Ⅰ with lactic acid bacteria produced the best effect.

关 键 词：乳酸菌 纤维素酶 杂交狼尾草 圆叶决明 混合青贮 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]