基于神经网络PID控制器的压铸机压射速度控制系统的设计  

Design of Injection Speed Control System of Die Casting Machine Based on Neural Network PID Controller

作　　者：杨力 徐林森[2] YANG Li;XU Lin-sen(Changzhou Vocational and Technical College of Industry,Changzhou 213164,China;Hefei Institute of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]常州工业职业技术学院,江苏常州213164 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2022年第3期148-153,共6页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1303202);江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队项目(2019-48);常州轻院校青年基金计划(QN201813101017)。

摘　　要：目的通过神经网络PID控制器,提高铸件过程中对压铸机压射速度的准确控制,以改善铸件的品质。方法首先,从压射系统的结构出发,分析其工作过程,通过输入电压求取电液伺服装置的传递函数,利用比例阀所受压力,计算其端口流量,进而完成压射系统的建模。然后,以STM32F103RE处理器为核心,配以输入电路、反馈电路等外围单元,设计压射速度控制系统的硬件框架。以PID算法为基础,将压射速度的误差引入到神经网络算法中,对PID算法的参数进行整定,以形成能够自适应调整参数的神经网络PID算法,进而作为压射速度控制系统的控制算法,从而完成压射速度控制系统的设计,以实现对压射速度进行控制。结果通过对比实验表明,该方法在跟踪阶跃目标压射速度以及变化目标压射速度时,都能较为稳定、快速地跟踪压射目标速度的变化。结论该方法不仅对压射速度的控制准确度较高,而且控制过程较为稳定,对压射速度具有较好的控制性能。The work aims to accurately control the injection speed of die casting machine in the casting process through neutral network PID controller,so as to improve the quality of castings.Firstly,from the structure of the injection system,the working process was analyzed,the transfer function of the electro-hydraulic servo device was obtained through the input voltage,the port flow was calculated by the pressure of the proportional valve,and then the modeling of the injection system was com-pleted.Then,with STM32F103RE processor as the core and peripheral units such as input circuit and feedback circuit,the hardware framework of injection speed control system was designed.Based on the PID algorithm,the error of the injection speed was introduced into the neural network algorithm,and the parameters of the PID algorithm were adjusted to form a neural network PID algorithm that could adaptively adjust the parameters as the control algorithm of the injection speed control system,so as to complete the design of the injection speed control system to control the injection speed.According to the comparative experiments,this method could track the change of the injection speed of the step target stably and quickly when tracking the injection speed of the step target and changing the injection speed of the target.This method not only has high control accuracy for the injection speed,but also has stable control process and good control performance for the injection speed.

关 键 词：压射速度控制 压铸机 STM32F103RE处理器 PID算法 神经网络PID控制器 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]