信号丢失视角下的企业专利战略研究  

Research on firm patent strategy from the perspective of signal loss

作　　者：杨祎 赵亚普 夏成程 李垣 YANG Yi;ZHAO Ya-pu;XIA Cheng-cheng;LI Yuan(Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China;College of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210000,China;School of Economics&Management,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海200030 [2]南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院,江苏南京210000 [3]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092

出　　处：《科学学研究》2022年第2期297-308,共12页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家创新研究群体项目(71421002);青年科学基金项目(71802149)。

摘　　要：以往研究基于信号理论,强调专利信号对企业资源获取的积极影响,而未能解决企业如何应对专利流失的问题。本研究使用我国专利密集型产业的上市公司样本,探讨了企业专利数量的减少如何影响企业后续专利申请行为。通过构建2008-2017年中国专利密集型上市公司的面板数据,使用负二项回归进行分析,发现企业专利数量的减少会触发企业的积极响应,促使企业申请更多的专利来恢复专利的信号功能。同时,企业的响应力度会受到内外情境因素的影响,其中企业连锁董事网络的中心地位和政治联系具有消极的调节作用,而组织绩效则具有积极的调节作用。本研究从信号丢失的全新视角揭示了企业如何解决专利流失问题,并为我国企业的专利申请战略提供了理论参考。As intellectual property rights become the commanding heights of the future industrial competition,firm patent behavior receives widespread attention from the academic and practical fields.Patent is not only a manifestation of a firm’s innovation achievement and technological strength,but also a very valuable signal to external stakeholders.Based on the signaling theory,previous research has emphasized the positive influence of patents as signals on firms’resource acquisition.Particularly,compared with the developed countries with complete patent and market systems,the signal function of patents is more prominent in China.When firms give up the patent right due to the low patent value or firms have patent exceeding the protection period,patent termination happens,resulting in the reduction of firm patent number.Patent termination poses a threat of signal loss for firms,whereas whether and how firms respond to this threat is still underexamined.From the perspective of signal loss,this paper proposes that patent termination will trigger a positive response from firms,prompting firms’patent application behavior.At the same time,the response of a firm is affected by internal and external contextual factors such as firm network centrality,political connections,and firm performance.Specifically,the reduction of patent number caused by firm patent termination,will trigger firms’response behaviors and encourage firms to apply for more patents in order to restore signal function of patents indicating firm capability to external environment.Furthermore,internal and external factors have contingent effects on this process.We propose that network centrality in interlocks will mitigates the positive effect of patent termination on firm’s subsequent patent application behaviors.This is because higher network centrality diminishes the information asymmetry and facilitates firms more easily acquire resources from the external networks,and therefore substitute the signal function of patents.Similarly,political connectio

关 键 词：专利终止 信号丢失 网络地位 政治联系 组织绩效 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]