兰州市三甲医院护士职业压力职业倦怠与离职倾向的关系  

Relationships between occupational stress,occupational burnout and turnover intention among nurses in GradeⅢLevel A hospital in Lanzhou

作　　者：张茹[1] 方惠娟[1] 周艳芝[1] 邓晓辉[1] 张玲[1] 毛燕飞[1] ZHANG Ru;FANG Hui-Juan;ZHOU Yan-Zhi(Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省妇幼保健院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2022年第4期684-688,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY2018-67)。

摘　　要：目的了解兰州市三甲医院护士职业压力、职业倦怠与离职倾向的现状及其相互关系,为管理者采取针对性的决策提供数据参考。方法采取系统抽样的方法,运用护士一般情况调查表、职业紧张压力量表、职业倦怠量表及离职倾向量表对兰州市三甲医院护士进行问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析进行统计分析。结果职业压力中任务过重、任务冲突、责任感、工作环境、业务紧张反应、心理紧张反应、人际紧张反应及躯体紧张反应8个维度与离职倾向呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),任务不适、任务模糊、娱乐休闲、自我保健、社会支持及理性处事6个维度与离职倾向呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05);职业倦怠中情感衰竭、去个性化两个维度与离职倾向呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05)。结论兰州市三甲医院护士职业压力较大、职业倦怠较为严重,离职倾向较高,医院管理者应采取针对性的措施,减轻护士的职业压力,降低护士的离职倾向,保持护士队伍的稳定性。Objective To understand the status and relationships between occupational stress,occupational burnout and turnover intention among nurses in GradeⅢLevel A hospital in Lanzhou,provide data reference for the managers to take corresponding decisions.Methods A systematic sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among the nurses in GradeⅢLevel A hospital in Lanzhou using nurse general questionnaire,occupational stress scale,occupational burnout scale,and turnover tendency scale.Pearson correlation analysis was used for statistical analysis.Results In occupational stress,the eight dimensions of task overload,task conflict,sense of responsibility,working environment,business stress response,psychological stress response,interpersonal stress response,and physical stress response were positively correlated with turnover intention(r>0,P<0.05).The six dimensions of task discomfort,task ambiguity,entertainment and leisure,self-care,social support,and rational handling were negatively correlated with turnover intention(r<0,P<0.05).The two dimensions of emotional exhaustion and deindividuation in occupational burnout were positively correlated with turnover intention(r>0,P<0.05).Conclusion The nurses in GradeⅢLevel A hospital in Lanzhou have more occupational pressure,more serious occupational burnout,and higher turnover intention.Hospital managers should take corresponding measures to reduce occupational pressure,reduce turnover intention,and maintain the stability of nurse team.

关 键 词：护士 职业压力 职业倦怠 离职倾向 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]