汉语特殊型语言障碍儿童被动句理解研究  

Comprehension of Passives by Mandarin Children with Specific Language Impairment

作　　者：于浩鹏 杜娇 何晓炜[2] YU Haopeng;DU Jiao;HE Xiaowei(Henan Normal University;Faculty of English Language and Culture,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Baiyun District,Guangzhou 510420,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学 [2]广东外语外贸大学英文学院,广东省广州市510420

出　　处：《现代外语》2022年第1期53-65,共13页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家哲学社科基金重点项目“汉语特殊型语言障碍儿童与高功能自闭症儿童语法能力对比研究”(17AYY008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文首次采用改良版句子图片匹配任务考察了平均年龄为5岁2个月(5;2)的汉语特殊型语言障碍(Specific Language Impairment,简称SLI)儿童被动句的理解状况。结果表明,汉语SLI儿童长被动句理解与短被动句相比存在更大困难;其长被动句理解能力与正常发展儿童相比存在缺陷,主要表现为论旨角色颠倒错误。根据边缘特征不明示假说,本文认为汉语SLI儿童长被动句理解困难是由其对该句式中移位名词的边缘特征不敏感而触发的相对近距效应造成的。与以往理论相比,边缘特征不明示假说更具有普遍意义,可统一解释英、汉SLI儿童被动句的理解损伤。This paper investigates the comprehension of Passives by 15 Mandarin children(average age of 5;2) with SLI by adopting an improved picture-sentence matching task. The results reveal that there is an asymmetry between the comprehension of long and short Passives by children with SLI and that the comprehension of passives by children with SLI is severely impaired, which manifests itself as the thematic role reversal error. In line with the Edge Feature Underspecification Hypothesis(EFUH), it is hypothesized that children with SLI’s poor performance in comprehending long passives is caused by the Relativized Minimality(RM) effect, which is induced by the insensitivity to the Edge Feature of the moved element in long Passives. The EFUH can capture the characteristics of children with SLI in acquiring both English and Mandarin Passives.

关 键 词：特殊型语言障碍 被动句 边缘特征不明示假说 相对近距效应 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]