茶树品种金萱杂交亲和性和配合力研究  

Study on cross compatibility and combining ability of Camellia sinensis cultivar Jinxuan

作　　者：李赛君[1] 雷雨[1] 段继华[1] 黄飞毅[1] 罗意[1] 康彦凯[1] 丁玎[1] 陈宇宏 董丽娟[1] LI Saijun;LEI Yu;DUAN Jihua;HUANG Feiyi;LUO Yi;KANG Yankai;DING Ding;CHEN Yuhong;DONG Lijuan(Tea Research Institute Hunan Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement,Hunan Branch/Hunan Observation and Experiment Station of Tea Plant and Tea Processing,Ministry of Agriculture/Hunan Tea Variety and Seedling Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院茶叶研究所/国家茶树改良中心湖南分中心/农业农村部湖南茶树及茶叶加工科学观测实验站/湖南省茶树品种与种苗工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2022年第1期18-24,共7页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：湖南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项;湖南省种业创新项目(2021NK1008)。

摘　　要：选择主要经济性状优良的金萱、福鼎大白茶、铁观音等15个茶树品种为杂交亲本,选配18个组合,通过比较各组合杂交结实率、F_(1)代出苗率、优良单株选择率和早期鉴定等多方面的优势程度,探讨金萱杂交亲和性和综合性状配合力,以期创制优异特色茶树新种质的同时丰富茶树杂交育种理论。结果表明,18个杂交组合结实率为3.53%(保靖黄金茶1号×金萱)~ 38.72%(金萱×汝城白毛茶),平均结实率19.48%;出苗率为9.20%(金萱×白牡丹)~ 85.05%(金萱×铁观音),平均出苗率59.62%;杂交F_(1)代择优率为1.94%(金萱×英红九号)~ 12.00%(金萱×薮北),平均择优率为4.96%;杂交F_(1)代苗期生长势均达Ⅱ级苗以上,生长势强。金萱具广泛的亲和性,结实率高;较高的配合力,杂交F_(1)代优良单株选择率高。In this study,15 tea plant cultivars with excellent main economic characters such as Jinxuan,Fuding Dabaicha and Tieguanyin were selected as hybrid parents,and 18 combinations were selected.By comparing the advantages of each combination,such as hybrid seed setting rate,F_(1) seedling emergence rate,excellent single plant selection rate and early identification,the hybrid compatibility and comprehensive character combining ability of Jinxuan were discussed aimed to create new tea plant germplasm with excellent characteristics and enrich the theory of tea plant cross breeding.The results showed that the seed setting rate of 18 hybrid combinations ranged from 3.53% (Baojing Huangjincha No.1 × Jinxuan) to 38.72% (Jinxuan × Rucheng Baicha),with an average seed setting rate of 19.48%.The emergence rate varied from 9.20% (Jinxuan × Baimudan) to 85.05% (Jinxuan× Tieguanyin),with an average emergence rate of 59.62%.Furthermore,the selection rate of hybrid F_(1) generation ranged from 1.94% (Jinxuan× Yinghong No.9) to 12.00% (Jinxuan×Shubei),with an average selection rate of 4.96%.Moreover,the growth vigor of hybrid F_(1) seedlings was strong,meeting the criteria of grade II seedlings.Jinxuan has wide compatibility and high seed setting rate,with high combining ability,and the selection rate of excellent single plant in hybrid F_(1) generation is high.

关 键 词：茶树品种 金萱 杂交 亲和性 育种 选优率 创新利用 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]