基于经济损失函数法的城市水环境污染损失分析  

Urban water pollution-induced economic loss based on the economic loss functions

作　　者：刘珊[1] 廖磊 曹磊 李炫妮 董小林[1,2] LIU Shan;LIAO Lei;CAO Lei;LI Xuan-ni;DONG Xiao-lin(School of Water and Environment,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Economic and Management Research Institute,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学环境经济研究所,西安710054

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2022年第1期378-385,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(2015G016)。

摘　　要：对城市水环境污染进行经济损失分析,可以为城市水环境经济决策提供依据。基于流域水污染经济损失函数模型,结合城市水环境的特点,改进该模型的参数确定方法,提出城市水质敏感系数α和拐点经济损失率M_(i)的计算公式,建立城市水污染经济损失计算模型,并对2009—2019年西安市水污染经济损失进行计算分析。结果表明,水污染总经济损失占西安市GDP的比重变化总体上呈先升后降的趋势。西安市近11年平均水污染总经济损失占平均GDP的1.95%。在水污染总经济损失的各个分项中,工业经济损失占总经济损失的比例最高,人体健康和农业经济损失占比次之,市政经济损失占比最低。研究为城市区域水环境污染经济损失的量化分析提供了一种可行的方法。To calculate the economic loss caused by urban water environmental pollution and obtain the harmfulness of water pollution to the urban environment, a calculation model of urban water pollution-induced economic loss was established in this study. Based on the economic loss model of water pollution in a river basin, the main parameters of the model were modified and improved according to the demands of major urban economic activities on urban water quality. And the formulas for calculating water sensitivity coefficient α and economic loss rate M_(i) at inflection point were presented, which can reflect the impact of urban water environmental pollution on economic activities. The economic losses caused by water pollution in Xi’an from 2009 to 2019 were calculated by the established urban water pollution-induced economic loss model, and the changes in the proportion of water pollution losses in Xi’an’s GDP were analyzed. The results show that the average water pollution-induced economic loss accounts for 1.95% of the GDP of Xi’an in the past 11 years. Industrial economic losses accounted for the largest proportion of total losses, followed by human health economic losses and agricultural economic losses, and municipal economic losses accounted for the lowest proportion. Among the four sub-items of water pollution-induced economic loss in Xi’an, the proportion of agricultural economic loss has not changed significantly, while the proportion of municipal economic losses have kept an upward trend. From 2009 to 2014, the water quality of rivers in Xi’an was seriously polluted. As a result, the water pollution-induced economic loss of Xi’an increased the fastest, and its share of GDP increased year by year. The water quality of Xi’an improved from 2016 to 2019, and the economic loss caused by water pollution decreased significantly. As a whole, the proportion of water pollution loss in GDP showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, which reflected that with the continuous development of Xi�

关 键 词：环境科学技术基础学科 水污染 经济损失 损失函数 城市 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]