考虑冲击力的球轴承复合缺陷动力学建模  

Dynamic modeling of composite defects of ball bearing with consideration of impact force

作　　者：李志农[1] 周泽文 胡茑庆[2] 程哲[2] 胡蛟 LI Zhi-nong;ZHOU Ze-wen;HU Niao-qing;CHENG Zhe;HU Jiao(Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing of Ministry of Education,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410072,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063 [2]国防科技大学装备综合保障技术重点实验室,长沙410072

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报》2022年第2期173-179,共7页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1702401);国家自然科学基金项目(51675258,52075236);江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20212ACB202005).

摘　　要：滚动轴承在旋转机械中应用十分广泛,其运行状态直接影响设备的工作性能,有必要对轴承故障机理进行深入研究.基于Hertz接触理论,建立了四自由度的内外圈复合缺陷球轴承模型,该模型考虑了缺陷引起的时变位移激励和冲击力激励,并分析计算了冲击力的大小及作用角度.分别对内圈、外圈单一缺陷及内外圈复合缺陷情况下球轴承的振动响应进行了数值仿真,仿真结果与实验数据吻合较好,内圈故障特征频率(BPFI)和外圈故障特征频率(BPFO)及其倍频在频谱图中清晰可辨,分析了负载大小和缺陷宽度对轴承振动特性的影响.研究结果可为滚动轴承的故障诊断提供理论参考.Rolling bearings are widely used in rotating machinery,and its running state directly affects equipment performance.It is necessary to make an intensive study of the bearing failure mechanism.According to the Hertz contact theory,a four-degree-of-freedom ball bearing model with composite defects of inner and outer rings was proposed.The as-proposed model considered the time-varying displacement excitation and the impact force excitation comprehensively.The impact force and action angle were analyzed.The ball bearing vibration responses with single inner or outer ring defect and composite defects were simulated respectively.The experimental results agreed well with the results by simulations.The inner ring fault frequency(BPFI),the outer ring fault frequency(BPFO)and their harmonics are very discernible in the spectrum diagram.Moreover,the influences of load magnitude and defect width on bearing vibration characteristics were analyzed.These results can provide theoretical guide for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearing.

关 键 词：球轴承 内外圈 复合缺陷 冲击力 动力学模型 故障诊断 包络谱分析 机械振动 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]