地铁波磨对轮轨动力特性影响及其安全阈值分析  

Effects of metro rail corrugation on wheel-track system dynamic characteristics and its wave depth safety threshold

作　　者：张鹏飞[1] 姚典 冯青松[1] 雷晓燕[1] 刘庆杰[1] ZHANG Pengfei;YAO Dian;FENG Qingsong;LEI Xiaoyan;LIU Qingjie(MOE Engineering Research Center for Railway Environmental Vibration and Noise,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学铁路环境振动与噪声教育部工程研究中心,南昌330013

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第5期123-130,150,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51768023,51868024);江西省教育厅重点项目(GJJ180290);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2020-S318)。

摘　　要：现场测试某地铁线路普通道床地段钢轨波磨和钢轨振动加速度,建立了地铁车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,分析了不同特征钢轨波磨对轮轨系统动力特性的影响,提出了指导钢轨打磨控制波磨的波深安全阈值。结果表明:钢轨波磨主要发生在小半径曲线地段圆曲线内轨,主波长200~250 mm,最大波深约0.8 mm,直线地段出现短波波磨,主波长40 mm,最大波深约0.1 mm;波磨主要波长与轨道结构振动主频对应;钢轨波磨激励导致轨道结构振动较大,轮轨系统动力响应剧烈,尤其是70 mm以下的短波波磨;轮轨垂向力呈周期性波动,波动周期与波磨波长相同,周期内1/4波长处轮轨冲击振动达到峰值;钢轨波磨对轮轨系统动力响应的影响随着波长减小、波深增大而加剧;现有规程中指导钢轨打磨的波磨安全限值适用于长波波磨,对于波长30、40、50、60 mm的短波波磨,运营速度80 km/h情况下,建议波深安全阈值为0.08、0.11、0.12、0.21 mm,波深超出安全阈值后应及时打磨。Here, rail corrugation and rail vibration acceleration in common track bed segment of a certain subway line were measured onsite, the metro vehicle-track coupled dynamic model was established, effects of rail corrugation with different features on dynamic characteristics of the wheel-track system were analyzed, and the wave depth safety threshold for guiding rail grinding and controlling corrugation was proposed. The results showed that rail corrugation mainly occurs in circular curve inner rail of a curve rail segment with a small curvature radius, the main wavelength is 200-250 mm, and the maximum wave depth is about 0.8 mm;the short wave rail corrugation occurs in a straight rail segment, the main wavelength is 40 mm, and the maximum wave depth is about 0.1 mm;the main wavelength of corrugation corresponds to the main vibration frequency of track structure;rail corrugation excitation causes larger vibration of track structure and severe dynamic response of wheel-track system, especially, the short wave corrugation with the wavelength of less than 70 mm does;wheel-track vertical force fluctuates periodically, the fluctuation period is the same as corrugation wavelength, and wheel-track impact vibration reaches its peak at 1/4 wavelength within a period;effects of rail corrugation on dynamic response of wheel-track system increases with decrease in wavelength and increase in wave depth;the corrugation safety limit value to guide rail grinding in the existing codes is applicable to long wave corrugation;for short wave corrugations with wavelengths of 30, 40, 50 and 60 mm and the train operating speed of 80 km/h, the wave depth safety thresholds are recommended to be 0.08, 0.11, 0.12 and 0.21 mm, respectively;when the wave depth exceeds its safety threshold, rail should be ground in time.

关 键 词：地铁 钢轨波磨 现场测试 车辆-轨道耦合动力学 安全阈值 

分 类 号：U213.42[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]