个体伦理与历史书写:司马迁的“金縢”  

Individual Ethics and Historical Writing:Study on Sima Qian’s Jinteng

作　　者：李光柱 LI Guangzhu(School of Literature and Law,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学文法学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《武陵学刊》2022年第2期8-19,共12页Journal of Wuling

摘　　要：司马迁是周公—孔子传统的继承者。如何理解司马迁讲述周公故事的方式,对于理解其历史写作和文化思想是至关重要的。以今传本《金縢》故事内容为基本参照,对观清华简《金縢》(简本《金縢》)与《鲁周公世家》本《金縢》(《鲁》本《金縢》)的叙事方式可以看出,简本《金縢》叙事主要关注的是“金縢之书”从被隐藏到被发现、周公从被误解到被尊显的转折所带来的表层戏剧性;而司马迁在《鲁周公世家》的写作中则洞悉了《金縢》故事中周公行动所隐藏的个体伦理之维,展示了个体伦理与普遍伦理的张力所带来的深层戏剧性,并完成了对周公政治传统的指认。结合自身经历和对个体伦理的体悟,司马迁将个体伦理之维延续到他的历史写作中,实现了其历史写作的伦理学转向。Sima Qian is the successor of the tradition of Duke Zhou and Confucius. How to understand Sima Qian’s way of telling the story of Duke Zhou is very important for understanding his historical writing and cultural thought. Based on the story content of the current version of Jinteng, and the narrative methods in Tsinghua bamboo slip version of Jinteng(simplified version) and Duke Zhou of Lu’s Aristocratic Family(Lu version of Jinteng), it can be seen that the narration of the simplified version of Jinteng mainly focuses on the surface drama brought by the turning point from being hidden to being discovered of "book of Jinteng" and from being misunderstood to being respected of Duke Zhou;In the writing of Duke Zhou of Lu’s Aristocratic Family, Sima Qian had an insight into the dimension of individual ethics hidden in Duke Zhou’s actions in the story of Jinteng,showed the deep drama brought by the tension between individual ethics and universal ethics, and completed the identification of Duke Zhou’s political tradition. Combined with his own experience and understanding of individual ethics, Sima Qian extended the dimension of individual ethics to his historical writing and realized the ethical turn of his historical writing.

关 键 词：《金縢》 清华简 《鲁周公世家》 司马迁 

分 类 号：B222.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]