构式的形式与意义表征--语言数据资源建设视野下的构式研究  

Form and Meaning Representation in Chinese Constructicography

作　　者：詹卫东[1] ZHAN Weidong

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100871

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2021年第2期187-208,共22页Essays on Linguistics

基　　金：国家科技创新2030“新一代人工智能”重大项目(2020AAA0106701);教育部人文社科基地重大研究项目(15JJD740002)资助。

摘　　要：构式知识需要转化为数据资源才能为自然语盲处理应用系统提供支持。为此,北京大学中国语言学研究中心近年来开展了构式知识库建设和构式语料标注的语言知识工程实践,基于一个构式知识库网页编辑平台,从句法、语义、语用三个层面描述构式的特征,以及构式间的关系(包括近义、反义、上下位关系等),目前描写的构式条目超过1000条。本文结合构式工程实践,讨论了构式与传统语法单位(词、短语)的关系,提出构式形式的线性表征方案,以及构式意义的释义模板表征和语义框架表征相结合的策略。本文认为,构式知识资源应跟词库和短语规则库知识资源相融合,共同为中文信息处理提供语言知识服务。The linguistic knowledge of constructions needs to be transformed into computer readable data resources to support natural language processing applications.This paper introduces a Chinese constructicon(CCL-CxnBank)and a corpus annotation platform for the description of actual usages of constructions in contexts.CCL-CxnBank is an online repository that contains more than 1,000 constructions,as well as the linguistic descriptions of their various features and the relations between constructions,such as synonymy,antonymy and hyponymy etc.Based on our practice of constructicography,we hold that constructions differ from phrases in that they are not recursive.We propose that the formal representation of a given construction should be linear,while its meaning should be represented through paraphrase templates and semantic frames.In the future,the knowledge resources of constructions,words,and phrases should be linked together to form a comprehensive linguisitc database for Chinese information processing.

关 键 词：构式 形式表征 语义表征 知识库 语料库标注 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]