相对剥夺感对网络怠工的影响——基于情绪耗竭和时间压力的中介调节机制  

The Impact of Relative Deprivation on Cyberloafing:Based on the Mediating and Moderating Effect of Emotional Exhaustion and Time Stress

作　　者：何伟怡[1] 陈璐璐 He Weiyi;Chen Lulu(School of Management,Tianjin University of Technology;School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学管理学院 [2]北京邮电大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2022年第1期214-224,I0040,I0041,共13页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划研究重点项目(TJGL15-005);天津市教学成果奖重点培育项目(PYGJ-016)资助。

摘　　要：网络怠工给转型升级企业带来严峻挑战,尽管已有研究开始关注网络怠工的影响因素,但关于社会心理因素与网络怠工关系的研究却严重缺乏。本文从员工情绪、压力视角,探讨了相对剥夺感影响网络怠工的过程机制和边界条件。通过371份有效问卷,检验情绪耗竭在相对剥夺感影响网络怠工过程中的中介作用及时间压力的调节作用。研究结果表明:相对剥夺感通过情绪耗竭的部分中介作用,正向影响网络怠工;挑战性和阻碍性时间压力分别负向调节和正向调节相对剥夺感与情绪耗竭的关系,同时也调节了情绪耗竭在相对剥夺感和网络怠工之间的中介作用。基于研究结果,本文从降低员工相对剥夺感、重视引发怠工的情绪动因和如何利用时间压力等方面提出相应管理建议。Cyberloafing refers to that employees use the Internet for non-work-related activities in the workplace and during working hours.It is more common than other counterproductive behaviors because it is hidden and not easy to be detected.In China,where network engineering is highly developed,the comprehensive embedding of personal mobile terminals into enterprise work networks has undoubtedly contributed to the proliferation of cyberloafing;at the same time,due to the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,the deep integration of Internet technology in enterprises has leaped from the transformation strategy to the way of survival,but it also provides a more suitable environment for cyberloafing to grow.For enterprises under unprecedented competitive pressure to survive,cyberloafing has posed a serious challenge for management.From the theoretical basis of management interventions,on the one hand,the ease of access and universal applicability of network technology devices has weakened the explanatory power of established studies on demographic characteristics such as gender and age for cyberloafing.On the other hand,the unproductive nature of cyberloafing can lead to the destruction of employees’organizational identity and the damage of organization-related social relationships,while previous studies on the antecedents of cyberloafing focusing on the pressure of work demands and work conditions have neglected the double-edged effect of this behavior and the social cognitive theory conflict embedded in it.Based on the social cognitive theory and the social comparison theory,this paper argues that the underlying motivation for individuals to choose cyberloafing behavior depends on the outstanding utility of the behavior in achieving self-protection and self-improvement.Combining the fact that people’s inherent impulses of interpersonal and self comparisons are widely prevalent and growing inside and outside organizations,this paper explores the process mechanism and boundary conditions of a comparative cognitive fact

关 键 词：网络怠工 相对剥夺感 情绪耗竭 挑战性时间压力 阻碍性时间压力 

分 类 号：C912.6[经济管理] F272.92[社会学]