民族地区女童教育观念变迁与教育选择——以循化县撒拉族女童教育研究为例  

Change of Educational Concept and Cultural Choice of Girls in Ethnic Areas——A Case Study on Ethnic Salar Girl’s Education in Xunhua County

作　　者：马成俊[1] 方玮蓉 MA Cheng-jun;FANG Wei-rong(Qinghai Minzu University,Xining,Qinghai 810007;College of Management and Economics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学,青海西宁810007 [2]天津大学管理与经济学部,天津300072

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2021年第6期122-127,共6页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

摘　　要：研究以青海省循化撒拉族自治县为田野点,通过25年的时间跨度,呈现撒拉族女性谋生方式对子代女童教育观念的影响,描绘一幅撒拉女童教育变迁的文化图景。基于教育选择理论,文章引入"变迁"与"选择"的分析视角,在民族地区教育政策不断供给的大背景下,通过平衡教育资源的持续获得与子代教育观念选择的间断改变,呈现教育观念变迁与教育选择之间的关系,以期完善民族地区女童教育变迁研究的理论框架。研究发现,在以家庭为教育实践的场域中,撒拉族女性走出田园改变原有的生计方式,致使子代女童接受教育的重要性被重新审视。研究认为,教育观念的改变是引起受教育状况变迁的重要力量,但这种力量是微弱且渐进的;与此同时,教育观念的转变使得教育选择呈现出由"自在"向"自为"的模式变迁;在未来,面向2035年教育现代化的要求,将为民族地区教育选择由"自为"向"自主"模式改变提供新动力。The study selected the country’s only ethnic Salar autonomous county as the field site,and presents the influence of Salar female’s way of making a living upon the educational concept of next generation girls during a time span of 25 years,and depicts a cultural picture of the educational changes of Salar girls.Based on the theory of cultural selection,the article introduces the analysis perspective of"change"and"choice",the article presents the relationship between educational concept change and cultural choice,in order to improve the theoretical framework of girls education change in ethnic areas under the background of education policy consistent supply in ethnic areas and through balancing the continuous access of education resources and the intermittent change of offspring education concept choice.The study found that as family being girls’major education domain,when Salar women stepped out of the family farming life and started to work in the society,the importance of education for Salar girls has been enhanced.The research indicates that the change of educational concept is an important force to stimulate the change of educational status,but this force is weak and gradual;at the same time,the change of educational concept allows cultural choice to present mode change from self being to self behaving;in the future,China’s Education Modernization 2035 will provide new impetus for the change of mode from being"self-behaving"to"self-motivation"for the education in ethnic areas.

关 键 词：撒拉族 女童教育 教育观念 教育选择 田野调查法 

分 类 号：G750[文化科学—教育学]