身份认同:“换脸术”引发的哲学思考与解读  

Identity:Philosophical Thinking and Interpretation Triggered by"Face Transplant"

作　　者：王振华 李达 WANG Zhen-hua;LI Da(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Shandong University,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250013 [2]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2022年第2期22-27,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金重点项目(18AZX0007)。

摘　　要：“换脸”打破了面孔和身份一一对应的关系,该如何理解术后“身份主体”问题呢?具身性和故事叙事的方式是以身体作为理解世界的视角或者通过对其生活经历的叙述界定身份问题,然而具身性忽视了脸的双重维度的区分,故事叙事则有主观重置的嫌疑。一种可能的路径是将新面孔看作过渡客体,逐渐将异组织移植同化为受者的完全一体化,“脸”作为一种符号使用,其意义在于日常生活的互动。这种策略可使受者在现实和虚幻之间作出区分,更易于重塑身份认同。虽然心理排异和“被侵占”等问题仍需进一步调整,但它仍不失为一种合理路径。Face transplant operation breaks the one-to-one correspondence between face and identity.How to understand the subject of identity after the operation?Embodiments and story narratives take the body as the perspective to understand the world or define identity through the narration of their life experiences.However,embodiments ignore the differentiation of the dual dimensions of faces,and story narratives are suspected of subjective resetting.One possible path is to regard the new face as a transitional object and gradually assimilate the allograft into the complete integration of the recipient.The face is used as a symbol,whose meaning lies in the interaction of daily life.This strategy makes it easier for the recipient to distinguish between reality and fantasy and to deal with the problem of identification.Although issues such as psychological rejection and appropriation need to be further adjusted,it is still a reasonable path.

关 键 词：面孔移植 身份认同 具身性 故事叙事 过渡客体 符号互动 

分 类 号：R-02[医药卫生]