基于网络游记挖掘的城市旅游文化元素识别——以上海为例  

Identification and analysis of urban tourism cultural elements based on Internet travel notes mining:Taking Shanghai as an example

作　　者：柯健 华哲铭[1] 许鑫 KE Jian;HUA Zheming;XU Xin(Faculty of Economics and Management,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;School of Management Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Finance and Economics,Bengbu 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学经济与管理学部,上海200062 [2]安徽财经大学管理科学与工程学院,蚌埠233030

出　　处：《资源科学》2022年第1期127-142,共16页Resources Science

基　　金：国家艺术社会科学基金重大项目(19ZD25);安徽省高校人文社会科学研究重点项目(SK2021A0235)。

摘　　要：“文化城市”已经成为城市发展的必由之路,文旅融合背景下,城市旅游文化元素很大程度上决定城市的吸引力和旅游品质,有必要对城市旅游文化元素深入解构,形成系统的认知框架。本文以上海为例,基于携程网站的上海游记文本,运用扎根理论分析方法,通过三级编码过程生成城市旅游文化元素分类体系,并结合上海旅游文化元素关键词表,分析城市旅游文化元素各维度的作用和具体内容。研究发现:①城市旅游文化元素是一个由“资源—体验—获得”建构的完整体系,具体包含文化地标、居民生活、文娱活动、文化印记、文化感知5个主范畴。②文化地标奠定城市文旅融合发展的资源基础,是吸引游客的旅游“第一空间”;居民生活加强游客地方性认知,文娱活动丰富游客多层次旅游体验,延伸文旅产业链,文化印记丰富文化叙事体系,提升文旅资源吸引力,这3个维度综合反映城市文化旅游“体验”的内容和过程;文化感知反映游客对文化识别、认知、感受、内化后的“获得”感。本文丰富了旅游地理学科中的旅游文化理论,有助于厘清城市文旅融合发展的布局方向和着力点。“Cultural city”has become the only way of urban development.Under the background of culture and tourism integration,urban tourism cultural elements largely determine the attraction and tourism quality of the city.It is necessary to deconstruct the urban tourism cultural elements and form a systematic cognitive framework.Taking Shanghai as an example and based on the Shanghai travel notes of CTRIP,this study used the grounded theory analysis method to generate the classification system of urban tourism cultural elements through a three-level coding process.Based on the keyword table of Shanghai tourism cultural elements,this study analyzed the role and specific content of each dimension of urban tourism cultural elements.The results indicate that:(1)Urban tourism cultural elements system is constructed by“resources-experience-acquisition”,which includes five main categories:cultural landmark,residents’life,cultural and recreational activities,cultural imprint,and cultural perception.(2)Cultural landmarks lay the resource foundation of urban culture and tourism integration,which are the“first space”to attract tourists.Residents’life strengthens tourists’cognition of local characteristics;Cultural and recreational activities enrich tourists’multi-level tourism experience and extend the cultural and tourism industry chain;Cultural imprint enriches the cultural narrative system,and enhances the attraction of cultural and tourism resources.These three dimensions comprehensively reflect the content and process of urban cultural tourism“experience”.Cultural perception reflects tourists’sense of“acquisition”after tourists’cultural identification,cognition,feeling,and internalization.This study may enrich the tourism culture theory of tourism geography and help to clarify the direction and focus of integrated urban cultural and tourism development.

关 键 词：文旅融合 城市旅游 文化元素 扎根理论 网络游记 三级编码 第一空间 上海 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]