超声波处理对兔毛角蛋白组成与结构的影响  

Effect of ultrasonic treatment on composition and structure of rabbit hair keratin

作　　者：王晓清[1,2] 史志铭 李晓宇[1] WANG Xiaoqing;SHI Zhiming;LI Xiaoyu(College of Textile and Light Industry, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010080, China;School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学轻工与纺织学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010080 [2]内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《纺织学报》2022年第4期20-27,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020LH05005);内蒙古自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010128018)。

摘　　要：针对化学试剂或高温处理促进二硫键断裂但导致酰胺键水解生成小分子多肽的问题,采用超声波辅助还原法提取了兔毛角蛋白,并使用蛋白质电泳仪、红外光谱仪、荧光光谱仪和粒度分析仪等研究了超声波处理时间对兔毛角蛋白的氨基酸组成和各级结构的影响。结果表明:随着超声波处理时间的增加,兔毛角蛋白的氨基酸组分没有发生变化,但氨基酸含量降低,胱氨酸损失率增加,游离巯基含量呈现先增加后减小的趋势;角蛋白的分子质量主要分布在31~43 ku之间,大分子质量角蛋白逐渐增加,α-螺旋结构逐渐转变为β-折叠和无规卷曲结构,角蛋白分子的粒径降低;提取的角蛋白具有稳定的三级结构,且角蛋白分子不易发生集聚。In view of the destruction of disulfide bonds by increasing chemical reagents or high temperature treatment,resulting in the hydrolysis of amide bonds to generate small molecular polypeptides,ultrasonic treatment combined with reduction method was used to extract the keratin from the rabbit hair.The effects of ultrasonic treatment on the chemical composition and structure of rabbit hair keratin were investigated by protein electrophoresis meter,infrared spectrometer,fluorescence spectrometer and particle size analyzer.The results show that with the increase of ultrasonic treatment time,the amino acid composition of rabbit hair keratin remained constant,but the amino acid content decreased.The loss rate of cystine increased and the content of free sulfhydryl group firstly increases and then decreases,and the molecular weight increases gradually and mainly distribute in the range of 31-43 ku.The secondary structure changes fromα-helix structure toβ-sheet structure and random coil structure,and the particle size of the keratin decrease.The fluorescence spectra show that keratin has fixed structure and is not easy to agglomerate.

关 键 词：超声波处理 兔毛角蛋白 氨基酸组成 分子质量 Α-螺旋 Β-折叠 化学结构 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]