核桃壳仁混合物料气流分离系统的试验研究  

Experimental study on airflow separation system of walnut shell and kernel mixed materials

作　　者：朱占江[1,2] 康敏 刘奎[1] 杨莉玲[1] 杨忠强[1] 祝兆帅[1] ZHU Zhanjiang;KANG Min;LIU Kui;YANG Liling;YANG Zhongqiang;ZHU Zhaoshuai(Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031

出　　处：《中国油脂》2022年第3期137-142,共6页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51865059);乌鲁木齐市科学技术计划项目(G161010002)。

摘　　要：研究核桃破壳壳仁分离加工成套设备壳仁混合物料气流分离系统运行参数对壳仁分离效果的影响,为实际生产中成套设备气流分离系统调节与运行参数选择提供依据。以仁中含壳率和壳中含仁率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验确定核桃壳仁混合物料气流分离系统的运行参数。结果表明:调节阀开度对壳仁分离效果影响最显著,卸风板开度影响次之、喂料速度影响最小。核桃壳仁混合物料气流分离最优运行参数为:调节阀开度1/2、1/4、1/8壳仁30°,1/16壳仁15°,两组分心木15°;卸风板开度1/2壳仁30°,1/4、1/8、1/16壳仁15°~30°,两组分心木30°~45°;喂料速度1/2、1/4、1/8、1/16壳仁分别为6、2、1、0.35 kg/min。在最优运行参数下,1/2、1/4、1/8、1/16壳仁的仁中含壳率分别为2.26%、1.07%、3.61%、5.57%,壳中含仁率分别为0.88%、0.54%、3.92%、6.85%。实际生产中建议整套设备原果核桃加工生产能力控制在600 kg/h以内。The influence of operation parameters of the airflow separation system in the complete equipment of walnut broken and shell kernel separation on the separation effect of walnut shell and kernel was studied, so as to provide basis for the adjustment and selection of operating parameters of the airflow separation system of the complete equipment in practical production. With shell content in kernel and kernel content in shell as indexes, on the basis of single factor experiment, the operation parameters were determined by orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the angle of regulating valve had the most significant influence on the shell kernel separation effect, followed by the angle of air discharge plate and the feeding speed. The optimal operation parameters were abtained as follows: the angle of regulating valve 30° for 1/2,1/4 and 1/8 shell kernel, 15° for 1/16 shell kernel, and 15°for two groups of diaphragm;angle of air discharge plate 30℃ for 1/2 shell kernel, 15°-30°for 1/4,1/8 and 1/16 shell kernel, and 30°-45°for two groups of diaphragm;feeding speed 6,2,1,0.35 kg/min for 1/2,1/4,1/8 and 1/16 shell kernel respectively. Under the optimal operation parameters, the shell contents in kernel of 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 shell kernel were 2.26%, 1.07%,3.61% and 5.57% respectively, and the kernel contents in shell were 0.88%, 0.54%, 3.92% and 6.85% respectively. In actual production, it was suggested that the productivity of raw walnut processed by the whole set of equipment should be controlled within 600 kg/h.

关 键 词：核桃壳仁 分离系统 调节阀 卸风板 喂料速度 

分 类 号：TS223[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] S226.5[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]