Genetic and biological characteristics of the globally circulating H5N8 avian influenza viruses and the protective efficacy offered by the poultry vaccine currently used in China  

作　　者：Pengfei Cui Xianying Zeng Xuyong Li Yanbing Li Jianzhong Shi Conghui Zhao Zhiyuan Qu Yanwen Wang Jing Guo Wenli Gu Qi Ma Yuancheng Zhang Weipeng Lin Minghui Li Jingman Tian Dongxue Wang Xin Xing Yanjing Liu Shuxin Pan Yaping Zhang Hongmei Bao Liling Liu Guobin Tian Chengjun Li Guohua Deng Hualan Chen 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,150069,China [2]College of Agronomy,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng,252000,China [3]Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Guangzhou,510642,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2022年第4期795-808,共14页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31521005, 31672593);the Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project (NT2021007);the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0500201);the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-41G12)

摘　　要：The H5N8 avian influenza viruses have been widely circulating in wild birds and are responsible for the loss of over 33 million domestic poultry in Europe, Russia, Middle East, and Asia since January 2020. To monitor the invasion and spread of the H5N8 virus in China, we performed active surveillance by analyzing 317 wild bird samples and swab samples collected from 41,172 poultry all over the country. We isolated 22 H5N8 viruses from wild birds and 14 H5N8 viruses from waterfowls. Genetic analysis indicated that the 36 viruses formed two different genotypes: one genotype viruses were widely detected from different wild birds and domestic waterfowls;the other genotype was isolated from a whopper swan. We further revealed the origin and spatiotemporal spread of these two distinct H5N8 virus genotypes in 2020 and 2021. Animal studies indicated that the H5N8 isolates are highly pathogenic to chickens, mildly pathogenic in ducks, but have distinct pathotypes in mice. Moreover, we found that vaccinated poultry in China could be completely protected against H5N8 virus challenge. Given that the H5N8 viruses are likely to continue to spread in wild birds, vaccination of poultry is highly recommended in high-risk countries to prevent H5N8 avian influenza.

关 键 词：avian influenza virus H5N8 evolution PATHOGENICITY ANTIGENICITY VACCINE protective efficacy 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]