乳酸菌和纤维素酶对马铃薯渣与玉米秸秆混合青贮发酵品质、有氧稳定性和体外发酵参数的影响  

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cellulase on Fermentation Quality,Aerobic Stability and in vitro Fermentation Parameters of Potato Residue and Corn Straw Mixed Silage with Different Proportion

作　　者：王啸林 冯冠智 张城瑞 房新鹏 张广宁[1] 张永根[1] WANG Xiaolin;FENG Guanzhi;ZHANG Chengrui;FANG Xinpeng;ZHANG Guangning;ZHANG Yonggen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Heilongjiang Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2022年第4期201-207,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究乳酸菌和纤维素酶对不同比例马铃薯渣与玉米秸秆混合青贮发酵品质、有氧稳定性和体外发酵参数的影响。以马铃薯渣和玉米秸秆为原料,按照鲜重质量比6:4(PC_(1)组)和8:2(PC_(2)组)混合配制青贮饲料,并分别添加乳酸菌(LAB)、纤维素酶(EN)、乳酸菌和纤维素酶(LAB+EN)构成处理组,对照组不添加LAB和EN,青贮30 d检测各项指标。结果表明:PC_(2)组的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维以及乳酸含量低于PC_(1)组(P<0.05),粗蛋白质含量、pH以及干物质消失率高于PC_(2)组(P<0.05);LAB处理可降低饲料的pH(P<0.05),提高乳酸菌丰度和乳酸含量(P<0.05),并且好氧暴露后饲料的pH和酵母菌数量低于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,EN处理增加了饲料体外发酵的干物质消失率与总产气量(P<0.05);与LAB或EN处理相比,LAB+EN处理降低了饲料的pH(P<0.05),增加了饲料的水溶性碳水化合物和干物质消失率(P<0.05)。由此可见,PC_(2)的混合比例使混合青贮具有优质的营养价值和体外消化率,而PC_(1)的混合比例可以提高混合青贮的发酵品质;LAB和EN的联合添加可以改善混合青贮的营养品质和发酵品质,提高有氧稳定性及体外消化率。The present study aimed at investigating the impact of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase on the fermentation quality,aerobic stability,and in vitro fermentation parameters of mixed silage of potato residue and corn straw in different proportions.In this study,mixture silages were prepared from potato residue and corn stalk according to the fresh weight ratio of 6:4(PC_(1)group)and 8:2(PC_(2)group),and the treatment group was supplemented with lactic acid bacteria(LAB),cellulase(EN),lactic acid bacteria and cellulase(LAB+EN)respectively,while the control group(C)was not added.The mixture silages were fermented 30 d and each index was detected.Results obtained indicated that the contents of neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,and lactic acid in the PC;group were significantly lower than those in PC_(1)group(P<0.05),while crude protein content,pH,and in vitro dry matter disappearance rate were significantly higher than those in PC_(1)group(P<0.05).LAB treatment could significantly reduce the feed pH(P<0.05),while increased the abundance of lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid content(P<0.05),and the pH and yeast number of the diet were significantly lower than those in the control group after aerobic exposure(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,EN treatment significantly increased dry matter disappearance rate and total gas production of mixture silages in vitro fermentation(P<0.05).Compared with LAB or EN treatment alone,combined addition of LAB and EN were significantly reduced feed pH(P<0.05),increased water-soluble carbohydrate,and dry matter disappearance rate(P<0.05).In conclusion,the mixture proportions of PC_(2)make the mixture silages have high nutritional value and in vitro digestibility,and the mixture proportions of PC_(1)can improve the fermentation quality of the mixture silages.Moreover,the combined addition of LAB and EN can improve the nutritional quality,fermentation quality,aerobic stability and in vitro digestibility of the mixture silages.

关 键 词：混合青贮 乳酸菌 纤维素酶 发酵品质 有氧稳定性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]