野生火棘果活性成分及抗氧化和抑菌性的研究  

Study of Active Components in Wild Pyracantha fortuneana Fruit and Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties

作　　者：宋小娟 杨卫灵 张清海 胡迪 付国伟 SONG Xiao-juan;YANG Wei-ling;ZHANG Qing-hai;HU Di;FU Guo-wei(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2022年第7期45-51,133,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：贵州省食品功能与健康工程技术研究中心建设项目(黔教合KY字[2020]014);2020年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010660003);贵州医科大学乡村经济振兴研究与农业产业技术攻关项目专项研究课题(KCXCZX2019-13)。

摘　　要：通过分析贵州不同地区火棘果的活性成分及抗氧化活性和抑菌作用,为野生火棘果的开发利用提供依据。采用柱前衍生-高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法测定水解氨基酸含量,分别以没食子酸、芦丁为标准品测定总酚和总黄酮含量。结果表明:火棘籽中含17种水解氨基酸,必需氨基酸总量在13.80 mg/g~52.99 mg/g,必需氨基酸与总氨基酸含量的比值(essential amino acids/total amino acids,EAA/TAA)为0.32~0.49,多酚氧化酶(polyp-henol oxidase,PPO)活力在10.00 U/g~20.00 U/g,超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力在140.72 U/g~888.56 U/g。总酚含量为0.89 mg GAE/g~1.82 mg GAE/g,总黄酮含量为0.70 mg Rutin/g~6.32 mg Rutin/g。清镇市火棘果乙醇提取液的DPPH·清除率、ABTS^(+)·清除率、·OH清除率分别为96.15%、99.59%、30.23%,且浓度为50 mg/mL时对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌受试菌株具有显著的抑菌效果(p<0.05)。由此可知,野生火棘果具有丰富的氨基酸、多酚和黄酮类物质,且抗氧化活力较高,对致病菌有显著抑制作用。Analysis of the active ingredients and antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Pyracantha fortuneana fruits in different regions of Guizhou provided a basis for their development and utilization. Pre-column derivatization-high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to determine contents of hydrolyzed amino acids,and the total contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were determined using gallic acid and rutin as standards. The results showed that P. fortuneana seeds contained 17 different amino acids. The total amount of essential amino acids was 13.80 mg/g-52.99 mg/g,the essential amino acids/total amino acids(EAA/TAA)was 0.32-0.49,polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity was 10.00 U/g-20.00 U/g,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was 140.72 U/g-888.56 U/g. Sample had total polyphenol content of 0.89 mg GAE/g-1.82 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content of 0.70 mg Rutin/g-6.32 mg Rutin/g. The DPPH·,ABTS^(+)·and·OH clearance rates of an ethanol extract of P. fortuneana fruit were 96.15%,99.59% and 30.23%,respectively,and the same was tested against bacteria including Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. The extract had a significant(p<0.05)antibacterial effect. These results showed that wild P. fortuneana fruit-rich in amino acids,polyphenols and flavonoids with high antioxidant activity had a significant inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria.

关 键 词：火棘果 水解氨基酸 活性成分 抗氧化活性 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]