基于ISSR分子标记的尤溪苦茶资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Youxi Bitter Tea Resources Based on ISSR Molecular Markers

作　　者：魏沙沙 彭静[1,6] 陈志丹 孙威江 林琳[1,2,3] 吴仁铨[5] Wei Shasha;Peng Jing;Chen Zhidan;Sun Weijiang;Lin Lin;Wu Renquan(College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,350002;Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Agriculture Industrial Park of Anxi County,Quanzhou,362400;Fujian Provincial Technology Development Base of Tea Industry,Fuzhou,350002;Anxi College of Tea Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Quanzhou,362400;Youxi County Tangchuan Township High Mountain Tea Professional Cooperative,Sanming,365108;Science and Innovation Center,Guangdong Degaoxin Food Processing Co.,Ltd.,Qingyuan,513031)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350002 [2]福建省安溪县现代农业产业园协同创新中心,泉州362400 [3]福建省茶产业工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [4]福建农林大学安溪茶学院,泉州362400 [5]尤溪县汤川乡高山茶叶专业合作社,三明365108 [6]广东德高信食品加工有限公司科创中心,清远513031

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第5期1619-1628,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(2019YFD1001601);福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J01589);福建农林大学科技创新专项(CXZX2018001,CXZX2018002)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用ISSR分子标记对尤溪苦茶(Camellia sinensis)4个居群37份种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,用8条引物共扩增出66条谱带,其中多态性条带63条,多态性比率为95.24%;在居群水平上,尤溪苦茶4个居群PPL均值为76.19%,Nei氏基因多样性指数(H)和香农多样性指数(I)均值分别为0.2045和0.3677,在物种水平H和I分别为0.3051和0.4650,均具有较高的遗传多样性水平。结果表明,尤溪苦茶的遗传分化以居群内的变异为主,但其居群间的遗传变异也达到较大水平(Φ_(st)=0.17>0.15),存在极显著的遗传变异(P<0.01)。Mantel检测结果表明,尤溪苦茶各居群单株间的遗传距离和地理距离关系不显著。相关性分析结果表明遗传多样性指标与样品经纬度相关性较强,与海拔关系不大。本研究较准确地进行了尤溪苦茶种质资源的分子鉴别,可为尤溪苦茶的保护及良种选育提供理论依据。In this study,we analyzed the genetic diversity by using ISSR markers in four populations with 37 DNA samples of Youxi bitter tea(Camellia sinensis).In total,66 alleles were amplified using 8 ISSR primers.A total of 66 bands were detected,of which 63 bands were polymorphic with a polymorphic proportion of 95.24%.At the population level,the average PPL of the four populations of Youxi bitter tea is 76.19%,and the average values of Nei's gene diversity index(H)and Shannon diversity index(I)are 0.2045 and 0.3677 respectively.At the species level the H and I are 0.3051 and 0.4650 respectively.Youxi bitter tea maintained a relatively high genetic variability at the population level and species level bothly.The genetic differentiation within the population was significantly higher than that between populations,but the genetic differentiation between the populations has also reached higher level(Φ_(st)=0.17>0.15),the differentiation is extremely significant(P<0.01).The mantel test indicated there was no significant relationship between genetic distance and geographic distance among the populations studied.Correlation analysis showed that the diversity index had little relationship with altitude.This study carried out the molecular identification of the germplasm resources of Youxi bitter tea accurately,which can provide a theoretical basis for the protection of Youxi bitter tea and the breeding of improved tea varieties.

关 键 词：尤溪苦茶 ISSR 遗传多样性 遗传距离 遗传分化 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]