供精助孕技术的社会伦理问题  

The Social Ethical Issues of Assisted Reproductive Technology with Donor Sperm

作　　者：屠馨怡 TU Xin-yi(School of Nursing,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院护理学院,北京100043

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2022年第4期22-25,共4页Medicine and Philosophy

摘　　要：供精助孕技术作为人类辅助生殖技术之一,是实现不育症家庭生育后代的重要手段。通过对人类精子库的发展历程和相关政策的介绍,探讨全球不同社会环境下供精助孕技术所面临的对个人、家庭、社会等方面的伦理问题。讨论供精过程对捐精者的心理社会影响、供精助孕技术后代的知情权及其与供精者的关系界定、供精助孕后代近亲婚配及社会地位和心理状况、实施供精助孕技术对社会学父亲心理社会的影响等问题。如何充分发挥供精助孕技术在辅助生育上的优势并协调社会家庭结构将是未来辅助生殖技术政策调整的方向。As one of human assisted reproductive technologies(ART), ART with donor sperm is a typical technology to bear offspring in infertile families. Beginning with introducing the development and policies of the human sperm bank, this paper discusses the ethical issues of this technology for individual, family and society in different social environments around the world. It’s worth discussing that how to keep a balance between the desire to bear offspring and the side effects of ART with donor sperm which includes the psychosocial impact of sperm donation process on sperm donors, the definition of the right to know of the offspring and their relationship with sperm donors, consanguineous marriage, social and psychological status of the offspring and the psychosocial impact on sociological fathers. Future ART study should focus on exploiting the advantage of the technology and optimizing family structure.

关 键 词：供精助孕技术 亲子关系界定 知情权 近亲婚配 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]