教学结构视角下应急型线上教学的现实困境与发展路向--对上海市108节教学视频的实证考察  

The Practical Dilemma and Development Direction of Emergency Online Teaching from the Perspective of Teaching Structure--An Empirical Study of 108 Teaching Videos in Shanghai

作　　者：占小红[1] 符吉霞 沙莎[1] ZHAN Xiaohong;FU Jixia;SHA Sha(College of Teacher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教师教育学院,上海200062

出　　处：《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2022年第2期111-122,共12页Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University

摘　　要：为了克服疫情期间课堂教学中止的困难,全国快速组织了超大规模的应急型线上教学。教育信息化建设具有示范引领地位的上海市是否在此次应急型线上教学中展现出了教与学方式的改变,实现了教学环境的成功转换?受到了什么因素的影响和制约?针对上述问题,研究面向上海市多渠道多终端模式的线上教学实践,基于教学系统结构理论构建课堂观察量表,对来自9个学科不同学段、不同时段的108节课例视频进行系统观察和编码分析,揭示了上海市中学规模化在线课堂的基本教学结构特征及存在的问题。研究发现:上海市在此轮应急型线上教学中教与学的行为没有明显转变、平台各类媒体资源的选择与使用浅表化、鲜有涉及高层次教学目标、不同学科的教学结构基本趋同。研究还探讨了专门性的教学平台及资源建设、教师线上教学实践能力等问题,展望了上海市智能时代教与学变革的未来路向。In order to overcome the difficulties of classroom teaching during the epidemic period,a large-scale emergency online teaching was quickly organized nationwide.Has Shanghai,which has a leading role in the construction of education informatization,shown the change of teaching and learning methods in this emergency online teaching,and has the teaching environment been successfully transformed?What factors influence and restrict this transformation?Aiming at the online teaching practice of multi-channel and multi-terminal mode in Shanghai,this study constructs the classroom observation scale based on the teaching system structure theory and makes a systematic observation and coding analysis of 108 videos from different periods in 9 subjects,and reveals the characteristics of the basic teaching structure and existing problems.The results show that there is no obvious change in teaching and learning behaviors,the selection and use of various media resources on the platform are superficial,few cases involve high-level teaching objectives,and the teaching structure of different disciplines is basically similar.The study also discusses the influence of professional teaching platform and resource construction,teachers’online teaching practice ability and so on,and looks forward to the direction of teaching reform in the intelligent era of Shanghai in the future.

关 键 词：应急型线上教学 教学结构 教学视频 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]