桥上钢弹簧浮置板的结构振动声辐射特性研究  

Structural Vibration Acoustic Radiation Characteristics of Steel Spring Floating-slab Track on Bridge

作　　者：张晓芸 张小安[1] 王开云[2] 石广田[1] 黄志丹[1] ZHANG Xiaoyun;ZHANG Xiaoan;WANG Kaiyun;SHI Guangtian;HUANG Zhidan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Train and Track Research Institute,State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室列车与线路研究所,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2022年第4期89-95,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11790280,51868037,61863021);甘肃省科技计划(20JR5RA381);西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL2102);兰州市科技计划(2018-4-33);兰州交通大学青年科学基金(2021014)。

摘　　要：由于浮置板轨道结构具有良好的减振性能已被广泛的应用于城市轨道交通。基于列车-轨道-桥梁相互作用理论和声学边界元法对钢弹簧浮置板的结构低频声辐射进行详细的分析。系统研究了这种具有良好减振效果的轨道结构自身的声辐射问题,为既具有良好减振效果,又辐射低噪声的环保型减振轨道结构的研发提供一定的理论依据。研究结果表明:三维有限元模型能够很好地研究浮置板结构的整体和局部振动特性;浮置板在中低频段的振动也十分明显,主要以纵向弯曲振动为主,同时存在局部振动特性,并且局部的振动特性并不是均匀的分布;与主振频段相比,浮置板结构在较低频段的声辐射也很强,这是由于容易发生共振现象增强了其声辐射能力;并且此频段的声辐射分布较为规则,但随着频率的增加而变得复杂;整体弯曲振动是声辐射的主要影响因素,并且整体弯曲振动占主导地位时声辐射较为规律,局部与整体振动特性共同作用时其声辐射规律变得复杂。The floating-slab track(FST)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its good vibration isolation performance.The structural low-frequency sound radiation of the steel spring floating slab was studied,based on the train-track-bridge dynamic interaction theory and the acoustical boundary element method(BEM),to provide some theoretical foundation for the development of environmental-friendly track structure that reduces vibration transmission and radiates less structural noise.The results show that the three-dimensional finite element method(FEM)shows an excellent ability to analyze the global as well as the local vibration of the slab structure.The slab has significant vibration in the low and mid-frequency range,which is dominated by the bending vibration on its longitudinal direction.Besides,its non-uniformly distributed local vibration also occurs in the low and mid-frequency range.Not only in the dominating vibration frequency range but also in the low frequency range,the slab radiates much noise,which is augmented by the resonance in the low frequency range.The distribution of sound radiation in the low frequency range is relatively regular but becomes complex with the increase of the frequency.The global bending vibration is the main influencing factor of the acoustic radiation.When the global bending vibration is dominant,the acoustic radiation is relatively regular.When the local and global vibration characteristics work together,the acoustic radiation law becomes complicated.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 钢弹簧浮置板 振动特性 结构声辐射特性. 

分 类 号：U211[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] X121[环境科学与工程—环境科学]