一株引起番石榴黑斑病病原菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of a Pathogen Causing Guava Black Spot

作　　者：郭溪远 蓝荷英 林艳 刘皓良 陈团伟[1] GUO Xiyuan;LAN Heying;LIN Yan;LIU Haoliang;CHEN Tuanwei(College of Food Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学食品科学学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2022年第10期158-164,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：福建农林大学科技创新项目(CXZX2016093)。

摘　　要：目的:旨在为明确番石榴黑斑病优势病原菌的种类及其特性提供科学依据。方法:从受黑斑病病害侵染的番石榴果实上分离纯化出一株优势病原菌,命名为S1,并对其进行形态学观察、致病性测定、生长特性研究及聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)测序比对分析,较为全面的对分离出的优势病原菌S1进行鉴定。结果:由形态学观察可知,S1菌落的气生菌丝蓬松且致密,颜色呈墨绿色或黑色,其孢子形态为单孢且透明,大小均匀,约为(6~10)μm×(6~7)μm,呈圆形或椭圆形,与《真菌鉴定手册》比对,初步判定其属叶点霉属菌,将其反接于健康番石榴果实上进行致病性测定。结果表明,S1为致使番石榴产生黑斑病的主导优势病原菌。通过生长特性研究表明,S1在偏碱性、黑暗、常温条件下较为适宜生长,结合PCR测序结果,确定出致使番石榴黑斑病的优势病原菌S1为首都叶点霉(Phyllosticta capitalensis)。结论:引起番石榴黑斑病的优势病原菌为首都叶点霉。Objective: In order to provide scientific basis for further clarifying the species and characteristics of dominant pathogens causing guava black spot. Method: A dominant pathogen, named S1, was isolated and purified from the guava fruit infected with black spot disease, and subjected to morphology observation, pathogenicity determination, growth characteristics study and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) sequencing comparison analysis were conducted for comprehensive identification of the dominant pathogen S1. Results: According to the morphological observation, the aerial hyphae of the S1 colony were fluffy and dense, and the color was dark green or black. The spore morphology was monospore and transparent, and the size was uniform, about(6~10) μm×(6~7) μm, round or elliptical, compared with the "Fungus Identification Manual", it was preliminarily determined to belong to Phyllanthus spp., and once again inoculated to healthy guava fruits for pathogenicity determination. The results showed that S1 was the dominant pathogen causing guava black spot disease. Research on growth characteristics showed that S1 was more suitable for growth under alkaline, dark and normal temperature conditions. Moreover, S1 was identified as Phyllosticta capitalensis by the comparison of the PCR sequencing results. Conclusion: The dominant pathogen causing guava black spot disease was Phyllosticta capitalensis.

关 键 词：番石榴 病原菌 鉴定 首都叶点霉 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]