汽车轮辐型面特征对车轮的气动特性影响分析  

Influence analysis of automobile wheel spoke profile characteristics on the aerodynamic characteristics of the wheel

作　　者：童一 张丹[1] 贝绍轶[1] 张亚 郑焱[1] TONG Yi;ZHANG Dan;BEI Shaoyi;ZHANG Ya;ZHENG Yan(School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou 213001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院汽车与交通工程学院,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《江苏理工学院学报》2022年第2期79-86,共8页Journal of Jiangsu University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于多尺度涡动力学的方柱展向周期性扰动减阻机理研究”(11802108);江苏省高校自然科学基金重大项目“不同壁面条件下三维贴壁方柱流场特性及其减阻机理研究”(19KJA510002);常州市科技支撑计划—社会发展项目“基于仿生学的无人机机翼绕流场特性及其控制机理研究与应用”(CE20205036)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同车轮型面对车轮风阻系数的影响,采用数值模拟的方法对旋转车轮气动特性进行分析。对比了相同工况下直线型面、折线型面以及弧线型面车轮的气动阻力系数、升力系数、表面速度、流场结构、压力系数等指标。分析结果表明:不同轮辐型面车轮旋转时气动特性不同,主要是由于流场结构存在特征差异;在车轮轮腔内,涡结构十分复杂,轮腔内气流流动的差异直接决定了车轮周围的压力系数和流动结构;同其他型面相比,弧线型面的车轮具有最优的气动特性。In order to study the influences of different wheel profiles on the wind resistance coefficient of the wheel,the aerodynamic characteristics of the rotating wheel are analyzed by numerical simulation.Comparisons of drag coefficient,lift coefficient,surface velocity,flow field structure,and pressure coefficient are performed on the straight surface,the broken surface and the arc surface wheels under the same working conditions.The analysis results show that the aerodynamic characteristics of wheels with different spoke profiles are different when they rotate,which is mainly due to the characteristics difference in flow field structure.In the wheel cavity,the vortex structure is very complex,and the difference of airflow flow in the wheel cavity directly determines the pressure coefficient and flow structure around the wheel.Compared with other models,the arc-shaped wheel has the best aerodynamic characteristics.

关 键 词：风阻系数 数值模拟 车轮型面 外流场 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]