多模态互动视角的注视研究评骘——自闭症研究的新转向  

An Evaluation of the Gaze Study from the Perspective of Multimodal Interaction:A New Turn of the Autism Research

作　　者：马博森[1] 李发睿 曾小荣[2] MA Bo-sen;LI Fa-rui;ZENG Xiao-rong(School of International Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058;School of Foreign Languages,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]江西农业大学外国语学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期112-121,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“汉语自闭症儿童和正常儿童的多模态指称策略对比研究”(17AYY009)。

摘　　要：注视障碍被认为是自闭症人群社交障碍的主要表现之一。现有自闭症人群的注视研究大多采用对比研究方法,关注该人群在实验语境下使用注视这一单一模态时存在的异常特征。多模态互动视角下的注视研究以社会建构主义为理论基础,会话分析为方法论,通过解析注视与表情、肢体动作和会话三类模态聚合,分析自闭症人群在自然互动情景中注视行为的特征与交际意图。研究发现自闭症人群在互动沟通中能够使用注视、语言、表情等多模态方式参与互动,顺应当下互动情景,实现互动意图并达到交际目的。The gaze disorder is considered as one of the major symptoms of social phobias among the autistic patients.Most studies on the gaze of autistic people adopt the comparative approach to research their abnormalities in using the single modality of gaze in experimental contexts.Based on the social constructivism theory and with the conversational analysis as its methodology,this study conducted from the perspective of multimodal interaction analyzes the features and communicative purposes of the autistic people’s gaze behavior through three aggregation modes of the gaze with facial expressions,body movement and conversations.It finds that the autistic people are able to use multimodal ways including gaze,language and facial expression to get involved in the interaction,adapt to the interactive situation,and achieve their communicative purposes.

关 键 词：自闭症 注视 多模态互动 社会交际 社会建构理论 会话分析 

分 类 号：G76[文化科学—特殊教育学]