陆西星庄学中的礼学思想初探——以《南华真经副墨》为基础  

A Preliminary Study on Lu Xixing′s Thought of Propriety in Study of Zhuang Zi--Based on Nanhua Zhenjing Fumo

作　　者：丁四新[1,2] 费春浩 Ding Sixin;Fei Chunhao

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,武汉430072 [2]清华大学哲学系,北京100084

出　　处：《中州学刊》2022年第4期116-122,共7页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“文明论视域中的庄子政治哲学研究”(21BZX085)。

摘　　要：陆西星对庄学中的礼学思想的探讨,是在其道论视域下进行的。陆西星认为,道与礼之间存在“自本生末”和“逐末忘本”两种本末关系。在礼的起源问题上,陆西星从圣人法天道以立人道和礼发自人的真性两个方面提出了道为礼之源的主张。在何为“至礼”的问题上,他又提出了“至礼则质任自然”和“礼不忘其始”的观点。在前者中,“自然”既有“无心”义,又有“本体”义,既主张不执着于具体的礼仪制度,又强调道德本体的自然流露。而后者则一方面强调道在礼中的重要性和礼返回于道的必要性,另一方面又指出大化流行就是天地之礼,尊重、理解并安于此天地大化之流行而始终与化俱化,方为懂礼。陆西星庄学中的礼学思想,是其沟通儒道思想的理论成果,不但为其诠释《庄子》中某些疑难问题提供了资源,还将道家礼学思想提升到了更为广阔的生命境域。Lu Xixing discussed Zhuang Zi′s thought of propriety from the perspective of his theory of Dao.On the whole,Lu Xixing held that there were two forms of relationship between Dao and propriety:"producing end from origin"and"chasing end without origin".To be specific,in terms of the origin of propriety,Lu Xixing proposed that Dao was the origin of propriety from two aspects:the sage imitates heaven′s way to establish humanity,and the propriety originates from human nature.On the question of what is"the ultimate propriety",he also put forward the viewpoints of"the ultimate propriety is natural"and"the propriety does not forget its beginning".In the former,"nature"has the meaning of"unintentional"and"noumenon",which advocates not clinging to specific ritual forms,but also emphasizes the natural revelation of moral noumenon.The latter emphasizes the importance of Dao in propriety and the necessity of propriety for the return of Dao;it also points out that it is necessary to respect,understand,and be content with the popularization of heaven and earth,and always communicate with it.Lu Xixing′s thought of propriety was the theoretical achievement of his communication with Confucianism and Daoism,which not only provided some resources for his interpretation of some difficult problems in Zhuang Zi,but also promoted the Daoist ritual thought to a broader life field.

关 键 词：陆西星 庄学 礼学 《南华真经副墨》 

分 类 号：B248[哲学宗教—中国哲学]