国外语码转换句法研究述评  

Syntactic Research on Code-switching Abroad

作　　者：王琳[1] Wang Lin(School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学外国语学院,310018

出　　处：《北京第二外国语学院学报》2022年第2期127-141,共15页Journal of Beijing International Studies University

基　　金：2019年浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(课题编号:19NDJC197YB);2021年浙江省课程思政教学研究项目“外语课程思政‘一核四方’教学协同体系构建”;2021年浙江工商大学新文科研究与改革实践项目“外语复合型拔尖人才立体分类式培养模式创新与实践”的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：语码转换现象是语言接触的重要产物之一,语码转换的句法研究对于了解语言接触中话语的结构具有重要价值。本文聚焦研究范式和方法,系统梳理了近40年国外语码转换句法研究的相关文献,并在评述以往研究的基础上提出未来研究的方向。语码转换的句法研究始于20世纪70年代,学者们研究的重点是语言混杂使用后制约语码转换的句法规则,并致力于探寻普遍制约原则。目前,学界主要形成了4种理论观点:①“特有规则说”,即语码转换受制于特有的句法规则;②“共有规则说”,即语码转换受制于参与语码转换的单语的句法规则;③“无规则说”,即语码转换不受任何句法规则的制约;④“中立说”,即语码转换是一种语言策略抑或是遵循某些普遍规律的结果。本研究发现语码转换的句法研究尚存不足之处,今后仍需进一步验证和补充以往研究的理论,尚需构建汉英语码转换的句法研究体系、开展语言学和心理学等交叉学科研究。Code-switching is one of the most important language contact phenomena.The syntactic research on code-switching is of great value for understanding the discourse structures in language contact.This paper reviews the syntactic studies of code-switching abroad in the past 40 years,focusing on research paradigms and methods,and then puts forward future research directions.The syntactic studies of code-switching abroad can be traced back to the 1970s.They focus on the syntactic patterns of code-switching and further explore its universal constraints.Four main theoretical viewpoints are presented:(1)“specifi c constraints”(code-switching is governed by specific constraints),(2)“common constraints”(code-switching is constrained by the monolingual syntactic rules of the involved languages),(3)“no constraints”(no syntactic patterns can govern code-switching),and(4)“neutrality”(code-switching is considered a language strategy or follows general rules).Furthermore,it is found that there are still defi ciencies in the syntactic research on code-switching.In the future,it will be necessary to further verify and supplement previous research theories,construct a syntactic research program for code-switching,and carry out interdisciplinary research on code-switching,such as in the fields of linguistics and psychology.

关 键 词：语码转换 句法研究 普遍制约原则 语言接触 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]