自修复型微胶囊在沥青路面中的受力分析及破裂机制  

Mechanical Analysis and Fracture Mechanism of Self-healing Microcapsules in Asphalt Pavement

作　　者：朱月风 赵向臻 司春棣[1,2,3] 闫涛 李彦伟[6] ZHU Yuefeng;ZHAO Xiangzhen;SI Chundi;YAN Tao;LI Yanwei(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety and Control of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Traffic and Transportation,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Hebei Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Technologies,Materials and Equipments of Highway Construction and Maintenance,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Hebei Transportation Investment Arterial Highway Development Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [2]河北省交通安全与控制重点实验室,石家庄050043 [3]石家庄铁道大学交通运输学院,石家庄050043 [4]河北省交通规划设计院,石家庄050043 [5]交通运输行业公路建设与养护技术材料及装备研发中心,石家庄050043 [6]河北交投干线公路开发有限公司,石家庄050043

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第10期40-45,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(E2020210089);国家自然科学基金项目(11972237,12072204);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2019234);河北省引进留学回国人员重点项目(C20190513,C20200361)。

摘　　要：采用多尺度分析及复合材料断裂力学方法,研究了微胶囊材料在沥青路面中的力学性能需求以及微胶囊在微裂缝作用下的破裂机制。首先,应用离散元法从宏观、细观和微观三个尺度逐层确定模型和参数,构建含微胶囊的沥青路面多尺度模型,分析车辆重载作用下微胶囊的受力行为。其次,以改进扩展有限元法研究含微胶囊的沥青胶浆复合材料的裂纹扩展,考察微胶囊材料参数、相对位置等因素对裂纹扩展路径的影响,确定微胶囊能够及时破裂并发挥自修复作用的性能要求。研究表明:在1.43 MPa轮胎接地压力下,沥青混凝土中面层沥青砂浆内部的接触压力和接触拉力分别为0.347 N、0.093 N;通过微观尺度的分析可得,微胶囊所受接触压力的均值为25 mN,接触拉力的均值为7.7 mN。复合材料断裂力学分析表明,当微胶囊的弹性模量小于沥青胶浆基体的弹性模量时,微胶囊的存在对裂尖断裂参数起强化作用,微裂纹朝着微胶囊扩展,使得微胶囊及时破裂并发挥自修复功能。在微胶囊材料选择和制备时,可应用先进技术(如纳米压痕技术或原子力显微镜等)对微胶囊的力学性能参数进行测量,以使其满足沥青路面中的使用要求。The multi-scale analysis method and fracture mechanics method for composite materials were conducted to study the mechanical property requirements of microcapsule in asphalt pavement and the rupture mechanism of microcapsule under microcracks. Firstly, the multi-scale model of asphalt pavement with microcapsule was established from macro to meso and then to micro-scale by discrete element method. The mechanical response of microcapsules was analyzed under heavy traffic load. Then, modified extended finite element method was used to study the crack propagation of asphalt mortar composites with microcapsule. The influence of mechanical parameters and distribution of microcapsule on the crack growth trajectories were investigated. The performance requirements of microcapsule were determined for timely breaking and releasing the self-healing agent. The results show that the contact pressure and contact tension of interior of asphalt mortar in asphalt concrete middle layer are 0.347 N and 0.093 N under 1.43 MPa tire pressure. The average contact pressure and contact tension of all microcapsules are found to be 25 mN and 7.7 mN. The fracture mechanics analysis shows that when the elastic modulus of microcapsule is smaller than that of the matrix, the microcapsule would play an important role in strengthening the crack tip fracture parameters. The micro-crack will move towards to the microcapsule, which enables the microcapsule to serve for the self-healing function. For further application of microcapsule in asphalt pavement, some advanced technologies, like nano indentation technology or atomic force microscope, can be used to measure the mechanical properties of microcapsule.

关 键 词：沥青路面 微胶囊 多尺度 离散元 断裂力学 

分 类 号：U416[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]