不同大球盖菇菌株主要农艺性状和营养成分综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Main Agronomic Traits and Nutritional Components of Different Stropharia Rugosoannulata Strains

作　　者：郝海波 赵静 杨慧[1] 张佳欣 魏云辉[4] 蒯本科[2] 张津京[1] 陈辉[1] HAO Haibo;ZHAO Jing;YANG Hui;ZHANG Jiaxin;WEI Yunhui;KUAI Benke;ZHANG Jinjing;CHEN Hui(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai,Shanghai 201403,China;School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;Shanghai Bright Esunyes Bio-tech Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201408;Institute of Agricultural Applied Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201403 [2]复旦大学生命科学学院,上海200438 [3]上海光明森源生物科技有限公司,上海201408 [4]江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2022年第3期41-49,共9页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2019-02-08-00-12-F01132);国家自然科学基金(31971571)。

摘　　要：对13个大球盖菇(Stropharia rugosoannulata)菌株的农艺性状和营养成分进行综合评价。农艺性状分析结果表明:菌株DQ-1、DQ-4和DQ-5菌丝生长速度较快;菌株DQ-1和DQ-6出菇较早,单菇质量较大,平均单菇质量分别为(51.12±33.92)g和(51.23±34.44)g;菌丝生长速度与出菇时间不存在相关性,而单菇质量与子实体长度、菌柄长度存在极显著相关性。子实体营养成分分析结果表明:菌株DQ-2、DQ-6和DQ-10总蛋白含量较高,菌株DQ-3、DQ-11和DQ-13总糖和多糖含量较高;菌株DQ-6粗脂肪含量最低,菌株DQ-1中粗纤维含量最高。各菌株子实体氨基酸含量为42.81~86.90 mg·g^(-1),其中菌株DQ-3、DQ-6和DQ-8必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量较高。对大球盖菇必需氨基酸进行评分结果表明,甲硫氨酸+半胱氨酸为第一限制氨基酸,苏氨酸含量最高。综合评价结果表明:菌株DQ-6出菇最早、单菇质量较大、总蛋白和氨基酸含量较高,可进一步开展中试和示范栽培,而菌株DQ-3、DQ-8、DQ-10和DQ-13可作为选育高营养成分菌株的育种材料。A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the main agronomic traits and nutritional components of 13 strains of Stropharia rugosoannulata,DQ-1 to DQ-13.The agronomic trait results showed that mycelia of DQ-1,DQ-4 and DQ-5 grew fast.DQ-1 and DQ-6 started fruiting early,and their average single fruiting body weights were(51.12±33.92)g and(51.23±34.44)g,respectively.There was no correlation between mycelial growth rate and fruiting time.However,single fruiting body weight was significantly correlated with both fruiting body length and stipe length.In terms of nutritional component analysis,DQ-2,DQ-6 and DQ-10 contained a high level of total protein;DQ-3,DQ-11 and DQ-13 had high contents of total sugar and polysaccharides;DQ-6 had the lowest crude fat content;and DQ-1 contained the greatest amount of crude fiber.The amino acid content in fruiting bodies of these strains ranged from 42.81 mg·g^(-1)to 86.90 mg·g^(-1).DQ-3,DQ-6 and DQ-8 were rich in indispensable and flavor amino acids.The comprehensive evaluation showed that DQ-6 can be used in pilot-scale cultivation and showcase cultivation due to its superior performance on fruiting time,single fruiting body weight,total protein content and amino acid content.On the other hand,DQ-3,DQ-8,DQ-10 and DQ-13 can be used as materials to breed high-quality strains.

关 键 词：大球盖菇 农艺性状 营养成分 相关性 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]