竹屑与麦麸堆肥用作大球盖菇栽培基质的适宜配比研究  

Study on suitable ratio for bamboo sawdust and wheat bran composting as substrate of Stropharia rugosoannulata

作　　者：吴一凡 夏捷 陈胜[1] 张玮[1] 谢锦忠[1] WU Yifan;XIA Jie;CHEN Sheng;ZHANG Wei;XIE Jinzhong(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China;College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [2]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2022年第5期1024-1031,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省省院合作林业科技与省本级林业科技推广项目(2020SY05);浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN19C160002);宁波市科技计划(2019C10048,2019B10020);中央财政林业科技推广示范资金(2020TS17)。

摘　　要：为探讨竹材废弃物的基质化利用技术,将竹屑与麦麸按不同质量混配,依麦麸添加量(质量分数)设置4个处理(CK,0;T1,4%;T2,8%;T3,16%),研究堆肥前后理化性质的变化,及其作为大球盖菇栽培基质的可行性。结果表明,堆肥后,T1~T3处理的容重、电导率显著(P<0.05)增加,通气孔隙度、气水比、纤维素含量、木质素含量显著(P<0.05)下降。在0~8%范围内,随着麦麸添加量的增加,竹屑腐熟效果变好,但当麦麸添加量过高时,会延长发酵腐熟的时间。T2处理下,堆体发酵的高温期持续时间为10 d,发酵后种子发芽指数达到81.73%,大球盖菇菌丝生长势最佳,生长速度达到0.394 mm·d^(-1)。据此建议在竹屑堆肥时添加8%的麦麸,以利于发酵腐熟,且腐熟的产品可作为大球盖菇等适应较高C/N食用菌的基质使用。In order to explore the feasibility of substrate utilization of bamboo sawdust,wheat bran was mixed with bamboo sawdust for composting.According to the addition rate(mass fraction)of wheat bran,four treatments were set as CK 0,T14%,T28%and T316%.The changes of physiochemical properties before and after composting were studied,and the application potential of the composting product as cultivation substrate of Stropharia rugosoannulata was explored as well.It was shown that,the bulk density and electrical conductivity increased significantly(P<0.05)after composting under T1-T3 treatments,yet aeration porosity,the ratio of aeration porosity to water-holding porosity,cellulose and lignin content decreased significantly(P<0.05).When the addition rate was 0-8%,with increasing addition rate of wheat bran,the composting effect got better.But,when the addition rate of wheat bran was too high,the composting time would get longer.Under T2 treatment,the high temperature durationwas 10 d,the seed germination index of composting product reached 81.73%,and the mycelial growth potential of Stropharia rugosoannulata was the best,and the mycelial growth rate reached 0.394 mm·d^(-1).Thus,it was recommended to add 8%wheat bran into bamboo sawdust when composting,which would benefit for the composting,and the compost product could be used as the substrate for edible fungi with high C/N tolerance,such as Stropharia rugosoannulata.

关 键 词：竹屑 麦麸 堆肥 基质 大球盖菇 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S795[农业科学—园艺学]