不同鱼体大小、暂养温度、麻醉方式对黄颡鱼麻醉的影响  

Effects of different fish sizes,temperatures and form of anesthesia onanaesthesia in yellow catfish(Tachysurus fulvidraco)

作　　者：周文 廖涛[2] 朱子健 白婵[2] 王炬光 熊光权[2] 柴毅[1] ZHOU Wen;LIAO Tao;ZHU Zijian;BAI Chan;WANG Juguang;XIONG Guangquan;CHAI Yi(School of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,Hubei,China;Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology of Agro-product,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434023 [2]湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所,农业农村部农产品冷链物流技术重点实验室,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2022年第2期102-112,共11页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-46);湖北省农业科技创新中心2020年重大科技研发专项(2020-620-000-002-03);湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2022-620-000-001-25)。

摘　　要：麻醉是提高活鱼运输效率重要的手段,为确定黄颡鱼最佳的麻醉方式、麻醉效果以及麻醉时间,采用3种麻醉方式(茶树精油、电麻醉、低温麻醉)、2种规格(体质量100.58±3.13 g、体长20.5±0.32 cm;体质量157.35±7.16 g、体长25.33±0.51 cm)和2种暂养温度(17℃和24℃,7 d)对黄颡鱼麻醉效果的影响。记录黄颡鱼在每种条件下的麻醉诱导、恢复时间以及诱导温度(低温麻醉)。此外,本研究测量了黄颡鱼(24℃暂养、大个体)在3种麻醉方式持续麻醉过程中(3~11 min)皮质醇和葡萄糖的变化。结果显示:3种麻醉方式都能够有效麻醉黄颡鱼,茶树精油质量浓度、电流大小、鱼体质量大小和暂养温度对麻醉诱导和恢复时间有显著影响(P<0.05)。3种麻醉方式的诱导时间、恢复时间(除电麻醉外)和麻醉条件都随着暂养温度降低和体质量提高而增加;其中,电麻醉的恢复时间无明显差异(P>0.05)。此外,经24℃暂养后大个体和小个体黄颡鱼所需茶树精油的最佳质量浓度分别为130 mg/L、120 mg/L;经17℃暂养后大个体和小个体所需茶树精油的最佳质量浓度分别为190 mg/L、130 mg/L。最后,应激结果显示,皮质醇和葡萄糖水平随着麻醉时间延长呈上升趋势,其中电麻醉上升最快,茶树精油次之,而低温麻醉最低。电麻醉的理想暴露时间为3~7 min,低温麻醉和茶树精油理想暴露时间为3~11 min。研究表明,高温暂养驯化能够降低麻醉剂使用的质量浓度,减少个体的麻醉效果差异,低温麻醉是理想的麻醉方式,能够适应各种水温和大小的黄颡鱼,降低应激,改善福利。Anesthesia is an important means to improve the transportation efficiency of live fish,to determine the best anesthesia method,anesthesia effect,and anesthesia time for yellow catfish(Tachysurus fulvidraco).This study explored the anesthesia effect on yellow catfish for three methods of anesthesia(tea tree essential oil,electro-immobilization,low-temperature anesthesia),two sizes(100.58±3.13 g;20.5±0.32 cm;157.35 g±7.16 g;25.33±0.51 cm)and two domestication temperatures(17℃and 24℃,7d).The induction of anesthesia,recovery time and induction temperature(low-temperature anesthesia)of yellow catfish under each condition were recorded.In addition,the changes in cortisol and glucose were monitored during the continuous anesthesia(3-11min)of the yellow catfish(24℃,157.35 g)during the three anesthesia methods.The results showed that all three methods of anesthesia can effectively anesthetize yellow catfish,and their anesthesia induction and recovery time are significantly affected by mass concentration,current size,fish weight,and holding temperature(P<0.05).The induction time,recovery time(except electro-immobilization),and anesthesia conditions of the three anesthesia methods all increase with the decrease of domestication temperature and the increase of body weight,Among them,there was no significant difference in the recovery time of electro-immobilization(P>0.05).In addition,the best mass concentration of tea tree essential oil for large and small individuals after being domesticated at 24℃and 17℃is 130 mg/L,120 mg/L,and 130mg/L,190 mg/L,separately.Finally,the stress results showed that the levels of cortisol and glucose showed an upward trend with the extension of anesthesia time.Among them,the electrical anesthesia increased the fastest,the tea tree essential oil followed,and the low-temperature anesthesia was the lowest.The ideal exposure time for electro-immobilization is 3-7 min,and the ideal exposure time for low-temperature anesthesia and tea tree essential oil is 3-11 min.Studies have shown tha

关 键 词：茶树精油 电麻醉 低温麻醉 应激 暂养温度 

分 类 号：S981.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]