基于边界元法的铁路箱梁结构噪声  

Structural Noise of Railway Box Girder Based on Boundary Element Method

作　　者：林玉森 刘宗礼[1] 尹昊 田伦 王军文 LIN Yuse;LIU Zongli;YIN Hao;TIAN Lun;WANG Junwen(College of Civil Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;The Ministry of Education’s Key Laboratory of Road and Railway Engineering Safety,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,河北石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障省部共建教育部重点实验室,河北石家庄050043

出　　处：《沈阳大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期210-220,共11页Journal of Shenyang University：Natural Science

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2019210215)。

摘　　要：为探究桥梁结构的振动噪声,采用有限元与边界元结合的研究方法,通过求解列车载荷作用下桥梁的动力学方程得到其动力响应,将此动力响应作为声波动方程的边界条件求解了场点的声辐射,并探究了桥梁结构噪声的影响参数。研究表明:桥梁声压时程曲线不仅能够体现列车经过的过程,且近场点的声级高于远场点;频谱曲线表明噪声主要集中于低频,随频率增高,声级总体呈现降低趋势;梁体上方声辐射强度大于梁体下方,且随频率增大,声场分布由单指向性变为多指向性;考虑地面反射和提高车辆运行速度可增大场点声辐射强度,优化无砟轨道结构和增大桥梁刚度有助于降低场点声辐射强度,添加肋板对于场点降噪作用较为有限。In order to explore the vibration and noise of bridge structures,the research method combining finite element and boundary element was adopted.The dynamic response of the bridge was obtained by solving the dynamic equation of the bridge under the action of the train load.The dynamic response was used as the boundary condition of the acoustic wave equation to solve the acoustic radiation of the field point,and the influence parameters of the bridge structure noise were explored.The research shows that the bridge sound pressure time-history curve can not only reflect the passing process of the train,but also the sound level at the near-field point is higher than that at the far-field point;the spectrum curve shows that the noise is mainly concentrated in the low frequency,and with the increase of the frequency,the sound level generally shows a decreasing trend;the sound radiation intensity above the beam is greater than that below the beam,and as the frequency increases,the sound field distribution changes from unidirectional to multidirectional;considering the ground reflection and increasing the running speed of the vehicle can increase the sound radiation intensity of the field point,optimizing the ballastless track structure and increasing the stiffness of the bridge can help to reduce the field point sound radiation intensity,and adding ribs has a limited effect on the noise reduction of the field point.

关 键 词：铁路箱梁 动力响应 边界元 结构噪声 降噪 

分 类 号：TB132[理学—物理] U441.3[理学—应用物理]