基于虚拟样机的湿滑状态下飞机抗滑失效风险评估  

Aircraft Skid Resistance Failure Risk Assessment Based on Virtual Prototype in Wet Sliding State

作　　者：朱兴一[1] 吴桠楠 柏顺杰 陈龙 ZHU Xingyi;WU Yanan;BAI Shunjie;CHEN Long(Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Hangzhou International Airport Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311207,China;Shanghai Pudong Architectural Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201206,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]杭州萧山国际机场有限公司,杭州311207 [3]上海浦东建筑设计研究院有限公司,上海201206

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2022年第6期644-654,共11页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51922079);上海市“曙光”计划资助项目(21SG24)。

摘　　要：为解决飞机在道面湿滑状态下的着陆安全问题,以轮胎-水膜-道面有限元模型为基础,借助虚拟样机,将路面抗滑性能与抗滑失效风险评估相结合,定量评估飞机冲出跑道的风险.提出等效附着系数,绘制不同速度、不同水膜状态下的附着系数-滑移率三维曲面.最后以实际的2条跑道为例(长度分别为3600、3400 m),计算分析不同水膜状态下飞机冲出跑道的风险等级:当水膜厚度为零,即道面处于干燥状态时,2条跑道上飞机冲出跑道的风险等级为E,基本不存在冲出跑道的可能;当水膜厚度为3 mm时,2条跑道上飞机冲出跑道的可能性急剧上升,参考美国联邦航空管理局(Federal Aviation Administration,FAA)标准,此时的风险等级为B,但本文在计算飞机制动距离时,未曾考虑飞机的反推作用,因此计算结果总体而言是偏安全的.To solve the problem of aircraft landing safety in the wet condition of the runway,the authors used the tire-water film-road surface finite element models as the basis and combined the skid resistance performance of the road surface with the risk assessment of skid resistance failure by means of a virtual prototype to quantitatively assess the risk of aircraft running off the runway.Furthermore,the equivalent adhesion coefficient was proposed,and the three-dimensional surface of“adhesion coefficient-slip rate”under different speeds and different water film states was drawn.Finally,taking the two runways as examples(length 3600 m and 3400 m),the risk level of aircraft rushing out of the runway under different water film states was calculated.When the runway was dry,the risk level of the aircraft to rush out of the runway was E,which means there is basically no possibility to rush out of the runway.When the thickness of the water film was 3 mm,the possibility of the aircraft rushing out of the runway rises sharply.Referring to the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)standard,the risk level at this time was B.However,when calculating the braking distance of the aircraft,the thrust of the aircraft was not considered,therefore the calculation results are generally safe.

关 键 词：抗滑失效风险评估 有限元模型 虚拟样机 飞机抗滑 ABS模糊控制 联合仿真 

分 类 号：U416.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]