高校课程教学对学术型博士生科研能力提升的影响——基于7719名学术型博士生的调查  

The Influence of the Curriculum and Teaching on the Improvement of Scientific Research Ability of Academic Doctoral Students

作　　者：包志梅 BAO Zhimei(East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《现代教育管理》2022年第3期119-128,共10页Modern Education Management

基　　金：华东师范大学2021年“优秀博士生学术创新能力提升计划”项目(YBNLTS2021-015)。

摘　　要：对我国48所高校研究生院7719名学术型博士生的调查发现,课程教学(包含课程内容质量、课程与课题密切度、教学规范化、师生互动和教学管理)不仅对学术型博士生专业知识与技能提升具有显著正向作用,对其内在学术思维与品质培养也有显著正向影响,但对不同博士生群体以及科研能力不同维度影响程度存在差异。在实践中,高校在教学规范化和教学管理上颇有成效,但课程内容质量(课程内容的广度、深度、前沿性与跨学科性)需进一步提高。研究认为,高校教学管理中应突出课程教学质量(尤其是课程内容的跨学科性和前沿性)的管理与评价;构建并完善因学科或跨学科背景而异的课程修习要求,提高课程修习政策弹性;借助课程教学的契机,组织课堂学术讨论,促进师生及生生互动;在辩论中激发博士生学术兴趣,明晰研究方向,巩固其学术理想,促进博士培养效果提升。Based on the survey data of 7719 academic doctoral students from 48 graduate schools in China,Curriculum and teaching(including the quality of course content,the closeness of courses and topics,standardization of teaching,teacher-student interaction,and teaching management)have a significant positive impact on the professional knowledge and skills of academic doctoral students,as well as their academic thinking and quality,but there are differences in the degree of influence on different doctoral groups and different dimensions of scientific research ability.Universities have made great achievements in teaching standardization and teaching management,but the quality of curriculum content(breadth,depth,frontier and interdisciplinary)needs to be further improved.The tesearch shows that the management and evaluation of curriculum quality(especially the interdisciplinary and frontier of curriculum content)should be highlighted in the teaching management of colleges and universities.It is necessary to establish and improve the curriculum requirements that vary with doctoral students’disciplines or interdisciplinary backgrounds,and increase the flexibility of curriculum training policies.With the opportunity of course teaching,classroom academic discussion is organized to promote teacher-student and student-student interaction,and stimulate the academic interest of doctoral students through debate,clarify the research direction,strengthen their academic ideals,and promote the effect of doctoral training.

关 键 词：学术型博士生 科研能力 课程设置 教学规范化 研究生教育 

分 类 号：G643.2[文化科学—高等教育学]