骨科手术机器人的临床应用与进展  

Clinical applications and research progress of orthopedic surgical robot

作　　者：许梓健 顾洪生[2] 蒯声政 黄霖[4] 张睿[2] 周文钰[2] XU Zijian;GU Hongsheng;KUAI Shengzheng;HUANG Lin;ZHANG Rui;ZHOU Wenyu(Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515000,China;Department of Spine Surgery,Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518000,China;Department of orthopaedics,Shenzhen second People’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518000,China;Department of Spine Surgery,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院,广东汕头515000 [2]深圳市第二人民医院脊柱外科,广东深圳518000 [3]深圳市第二人民医院骨科,广东深圳518000 [4]中山大学附属孙逸仙纪念医院脊柱外科,广东广州510000

出　　处：《机器人外科学杂志（中英文）》2022年第5期376-387,共12页Chinese Journal of Robotic Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12102268)。

摘　　要：手术机器人具有智能、微创、精准的特点,可提供术前规划、手术导航及微创精准操作等功能,为临床医生的决策判断和操作提供了保障,同时在骨科领域的应用中也越来越广泛。近30年,骨科手术机器人发展迅速,在国内外已有多款成熟产品应用于临床中,涵盖了关节、脊柱、创伤及运动等学科,其中应用于关节置换手术与椎弓根螺钉植入术的机器人技术相对成熟,正逐步向自动化方向发展,且有效性与安全性已得到大量研究证实。目前限制机器人推广的主要原因在于手术费用高、医生学习曲线长、临床效果及安全性仍缺乏长期临床研究证据支持等。因此,机器人未来的发展方向应是扩大应用范围,进而提高手术机器人的成本效益,同时开发出适合于骨科临床术式和应用习惯的软件系统,并将此手术系统与遥控操作、3D打印等技术结合。Robotic surgery is characterized with intelligence,minimally invasive and precision,which could guarantee proper decision-making and precise operation by providing accurate preoperative planning,surgical navigation and minimally invasive procedure.Recently,surgical robot is more and more widely used in the field of orthopedics.Orthopedic surgical robots have developed rapidly in the past 30 years,and many mature products have been put into clinical practice,including robots for joint,spine,trauma,kinematics et al.Relatively,surgical robots in joint replacement surgery and pedicle screw implantation are more developed and gradually progressed to automation,company represents the advanced level,which could be applied in many fields,and its effectiveness and safety have been confirmed by a large number of studies.At present,the main limitations of surgical robots are the high cost,long learning curve,uncertain clinical effect and lacking of long-term clinical studies.Therefore,to expand application fields and improve the cost-effectiveness should be the development direction of surgical robots.Meanwhile,to design a system suitable for orthopedic surgeons combining with remote control,3D printing should be the priority in the development of orthopedic surgical robot.

关 键 词：骨科疾病 骨科手术 机器人手术系统 微创 学习曲线 

分 类 号：R608[医药卫生—外科学]