商洛市地表温度的时空变化及影响因素  

Spatial-temporal Variation of Land Surface Temperature in Shangluo City and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：李亮 刘帆 王华 田亮[4] 严红梅 LI Liang;LIU Fan;WANG Hua;TIAN Liang;YAN Hongmei(Meteorological Bureau of Luonan County,Shangluo 726100,Shaanxi,China;Meteorological Bureau of Xianyang City,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Meteorology for Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau,Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau,Xi’an 712034,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau,Xi’an 712034,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]洛南县气象局,陕西商洛726100 [2]咸阳市气象局,陕西咸阳712000 [3]陕西省气象局秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室,西安712034 [4]陕西省气象局,西安712034

出　　处：《农学学报》2022年第5期24-29,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：2019年气候适应型城市重点实验室开放研究基金“秦岭腹地(商洛)地表温度时空变化特征研究”(SLSYS2019037)。

摘　　要：研究旨在分析秦岭腹地东部商洛市的地表温度时空变化特征及影响因素,以期为应对气候变化及合理指导农业生产研究提供科学依据。利用陕西省商洛市7个地面气象监测站1960—2020年逐日0 cm地面温度、气温、降水、日照时数等观测资料,采用M-K检验和小波分析等方法,对商洛市地表温度的时空变化及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:1960—2020年商洛市年平均地表温度空间上从西北向东南呈逐渐升高的分布。地表温度平均值的季节排序为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季,在1月最低,7月最高。地表温度以0.37℃/10 a的气候倾向率显著上升,且各地的上升幅度自西向东逐渐减小。春季、冬季和年平均地表温度均呈现逐年代变暖趋势,并在1997年发生了突变。地表温度存在6、10、14、28年4个周期振荡频率,且6年为地表温度变化的第一主周期,10年为第二主周期。海拔是影响商洛市地表温度的主要地理因子,气温和日照时数是主要的气象因子。地表温度的升高可以缓解低温对农业生产造成的灾害,在一定时间内对农业结构调整有利。Based on the daily 0 cm land surface temperature, air temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration observation data from 7 meteorological stations in Shangluo City from 1960 to 2020, the spatialtemporal variation of land surface temperature were investigated by M-K test and wavelet analysis, aiming to response to climate change and guide agricultural production and research reasonably. The results showed that the annual mean land surface temperature in Shangluo City increased gradually from northwest to southeast during 1960-2020. The seasonal mean temperature of land surface exhibited an order of summer > spring >autumn > winter. The land surface temperature was the lowest in January and the highest in July. The climatic tendency rate of land surface temperature was 0.37℃/10 a, and the increasing range decreased from west to east. Spring, winter and annual mean land surface temperature showed a warming trend year by year, and a mutation occurred in 1997. Four oscillation frequencies of land surface temperature(LST) were 6, 10, 14 and28 years, and 6 years was the first main cycle, and 10 years was the second main cycle of LST variation.Altitude was the main geographical factor that affected land surface temperature in Shangluo City, while air temperature and sunshine duration were the main meteorological factors. The rise of land surface temperature could alleviate the disaster caused by low temperature to agricultural production and is beneficial to agricultural structural adjustment in a certain period of time.

关 键 词：地表温度 时空分布 突变 小波分析 商洛 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]