通关挑战:研究型大学工科博士生延期毕业原因的质性研究  

Clearance Challenge:Qualitative Research on the Reasons for Delayed Graduation of Engineering Doctoral Students in Research-oriented Universities

作　　者：李永刚 方亚丽 LI Yong-gang;FANG Ya-li(School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300350

出　　处：《杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期84-91,120,共9页Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金2021年度青年项目“研究型大学毕业博士入职地方高校后的组织适应及其影响机制研究”(72104175)的研究成果。

摘　　要：当前工科博士生延期毕业问题日益严重,对博士生自身发展和高校博士生培养效率产生诸多负面影响。通过对研究型大学工科延期毕业博士生的深度访谈,运用主题编码方法发现,工科博士生毕业要经历入学选拔关、方向选择关、阈限过渡关和毕业达标关,导致其延期毕业的原因主要包括个体素能欠缺、方向失配、组织支持乏力和权力抑制等四个方面。导师、组织文化、制度层面的因素相互交织、共同作用,影响博士生个体的学术信念和士气,进而导致延期毕业的发生。研究建议导师根据博士生学术素质与科研兴趣,确定博士研究课题;采取支持性的指导方式,营造友善互助的团队氛围,为博士生提供充分的学术指导与支持。学校要加强博士生招生选拔中的学术志趣考察;改进导师评聘管理制度,提高导师聘用标准;改革学术评价制度,建立多元化、差异化的成果认证标准。At present,the problem of delayed graduation of engineering doctoral students is becoming more and more serious,which has many negative effects on the development of doctoral students and the efficiency of doctoral training in universities.Through in-depth interviews with postgraduate engineering doctoral students in research-oriented universities and the topic coding method,it is found that the graduation of engineering doctoral students has to go through admission selection,direction selection,threshold transition and graduation compliance,and the main reasons for their delayed graduation includes four aspects:lack of individual ability,direction mismatch,lack of organizational support and power inhibition.Factors at the level of mentors,organizational culture,and institutions are intertwined and work together to affect the academic belief and morale of individual doctoral students,which in turn leads to delayed graduation.This paper suggests that the supervisor should help the doctoral students determine the doctoral research topics according to their academic quality and research interests;adopt a supportive guidance method,create a friendly and mutually helpful team atmosphere,and provide sufficient academic guidance and support for the doctoral students.The university should strengthen the assessment of academic interests in the selection of doctoral students,improve the supervisor evaluation and employment management system,and improve the supervisor employment standards;reform the academic evaluation system and establish diversified and differentiated achievement certification standards.

关 键 词：研究型大学 工科博士生 延期毕业 质性研究 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]