涉罪未成年人救赎之路探究--以未成年人犯罪记录为切入点  

On the path of redemption for criminal minors:Take the criminal record of a minor as the cut-in

作　　者：黄明儒[1] 张继 HUANG Mingru;ZHANG Ji(School of Law,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期41-55,共15页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“风险社会背景下行政犯扩张及其适用限缩研究”(19BFX061)。

摘　　要：学界对犯罪记录作为涉罪未成年人回归社会的最大障碍并无疑问,但对其是否应当被消灭则存在较大争议。这是因为在事实论与规范论上混淆了犯罪记录与其衍生的“标签效应”。从事实论讲,犯罪记录是不能被消灭的;但从规范论讲,“标签效应”是可以被消解的。与其说是犯罪记录,毋宁说是其衍生的“标签效应”阻碍了涉罪未成年人再社会化的进程。去标签化与再社会化成为涉罪未成年人最有效的救赎路径:规范性路径以构建犯罪前科有条件消灭制度为主、设定未成年人期待隐私权保护为辅展开;非规范性路径由家庭治疗、学校教化以及社区矫正“三位一体”构成。两种路径相辅相成,互为补充,旨在去除“标签效应”以促进涉罪未成年人回归社会。In the academic circle,there is no doubt about the criminal record as the biggest obstacle to the return of criminal minors to the society,but there is considerable controversy about whether it should be eliminated.This is because of the confusion between the criminal record and its derivative"label effect"in both the factual theory and the normative theory.From the factual perspective,criminal records cannot be eliminated;but from a normative perspective,the"label effect"can be eliminated.Rather than the criminal record,it is the"label effect"that hinders the re-socialization of criminal minors.De-tagging and re-socialization have become the most effective redemption paths for criminal minors:the normative path is mainly based on the establishment of a conditional extermination system of"criminal records",supplemented by setting minors to expect privacy protection;the non-normative path is composed of the"trinity"of family therapy,school education and community correction.The two paths are complementary and complementary to each other,aiming to remove the"label effect"to promote the return of criminal minors to society.

关 键 词：涉罪未成年人 犯罪记录 标签效应 犯罪人格 再社会化 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]