城轨列车方锥式防爬吸能结构碰撞力学参数设计及多目标优化  

Collision mechanics parameter design and multi-objective optimization of square cone anti-climbing energy-absorbing structure for urban rail trains

作　　者：许平[1,2] 杨丽婷 姚曙光[1,2] 郭维年 车全伟[1,3] 王傲 XU Ping;YANG Liting;YAO Shuguang;GUO Weinian;CHE Quanwei;WANG Ao(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [3]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期1689-1699,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675537);湖南省科学技术领军人才项目(2019RS3018)。

摘　　要：为了提高列车的耐撞性能,采用基于模型的多目标遗传算法的优化方法,研究城轨列车方锥式防爬吸能结构碰撞力学参数的最优配置。设计一种方锥式防爬吸能结构,通过建立8编组列车碰撞纵向多体动力学模型,分析吸能结构不同力学参数配置对列车耐撞性能的影响;提出头车吸能量(EA)和列车总体减速度(TMA)的车体端部耐撞性评价指标,基于实验设计采用径向基函数法建立F,K和Fmax关于EA和TMA的响应面模型,并基于模型采用多目标遗传算法对防爬吸能结构的力学参数进行多目标优化。研究结果表明:在最优参数配置下,EA提高了1.933%,TMA降低了14.810%;优化后的力学参数配置方案降低了列车碰撞减速度,提高了头车吸能量占比和整车的耐撞性能。In order to improve the crashworthiness performance of trains,the optimization method of model-based multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to study the optimal configuration of the collision mechanical parameters of the square-cone anti-climbing energy-absorbing structure for urban rail trains.A square-cone anti-climbing energyabsorbing structure was designed.By establishing a longitudinal multi-body dynamics model for the collision of8-carriage trains,the impact of different mechanical parameter configurations of the energy-absorbing structure on the crashworthiness of the train was analyzed.The leading car energy absorption(EA)and the overall train deceleration(TMA)car body end crashworthiness evaluation index were proposed.Based on the experimental design,the radial basis function method was used to establish the response surface model of F,K and Fmaxfor EA and TMA,and the multi-objective model was adopted based on the model.The genetic algorithm performed multiobjective optimization on the mechanical parameters of the anti-climbing energy-absorbing structure.The results show that with the optimal parameter configuration,EA is increased by 1.933%,and TMA is reduced by 14.810%.The optimized mechanical parameter configuration scheme reduces train collision deceleration,improves the proportion of energy absorbed by the lead car and improves the crashworthiness of the whole car.

关 键 词：城轨列车 方锥式防爬吸能结构 力学参数 耐撞性 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]