白术热风干燥动力学及其挥发性成分变化规律的研究  

Kinetics and variation of volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma during hot-air drying

作　　者：郭慧玲[1] 徐梦甜 伍振峰 封传华 陈影 罗江南 张文卿 熊耀坤 GUO Hui-ling;XU Meng-tian;WU Zhen-feng;FENG Chuan-hua;CHEN Ying;LUO Jiang-nan;ZHANG Wen-qing;XIONG Yao-kun(School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine under Ministry of Education,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学药学院,江西南昌330004 [2]江西中医药大学现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330004

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2022年第4期922-930,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81860771,81760716);江西省自然科学基金项目(20171BAB205099)。

摘　　要：探索白术在热风干燥过程中的动力学及其挥发性成分变化规律,获得干燥效率和干燥品质等多目标下的最佳工艺参数。研究白术在不同热风干燥温度30、40、50、60、70℃下的干基含水率及干燥速率随干燥时间的变化曲线的关系。利用经验模型Midilli模型、Page模型、Overhults模型、Modified Page模型、Logaritmic模型、Two terms Exponential模型、Newton模型对白术干燥过程中水分比与时间的关系进行模型拟合与验证;确定不同热风干燥温度白术的水分有效扩散系数(D_(eff))及活化能(E_(a));并运用GC-MS测定鲜白术及不同温度干燥后的白术挥发性成分及含量变化。白术的干基含水率及干燥速率与干燥介质的温度密切相关,随着干燥时间的延长,白术的水分不断减少;由干燥速率曲线可知,随着热风温度的升高,干燥速率增加,加速水分的迁移。通过比较各模型的相关系数(R^(2))、卡方(χ^(2))和标准误差(RMSE),可知Midilli模型参数平均值的拟合度最高,其R^(2)=0.9992,χ^(2)=8.78×10^(-5)及RMSE=8.20×10^(-3);30~70℃干燥的D_(eff)在1.04×10^(-9)~6.28×10^(-9)m^(2)·s^(-1),E_(a)为37.47 kJ·mol^(-1);鲜白术及不同温度干燥的白术经GC-MS测定挥发油,分别鉴定出18、18、18、17、17、18个化合物,占挥发性成分84.76%以上。该研究结果表明白术的热风干燥过程可以进行模型拟合并得到了验证,得出了白术水分和挥发性成分随温度的变化规律,该研究为探索芳香性中药的干燥特性和品质提供新的思路。The present study explored the kinetics and variation of volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma during the hot-air drying process to obtain the optimal process parameters under multiple goals such as drying efficiency and drying quality.The dry basis moisture content and drying rate curves along with the change of drying time of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were investigated at five levels of drying air temperatures(30,40,50,60,and 70℃).The relationship between moisture ratio and time in the drying process of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma was fitted and verified by Midilli model,Page model,Overhults model,Modified Page model,Logaritmic model,Two terms Exponential model,and Newton model.Meanwhile,the effective diffusion coefficient of moisture(D_(eff))and activation energy(E_(a))in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were calculated under different drying air temperatures.GC-MS was used to determine the volatile components and content changes of the fresh Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and dried products at different temperatures.The dry basis moisture content and drying rate of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were closely related to the temperature of the drying medium,and the moisture of the Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma decreased with the prolonged drying time.As revealed by the drying rate curve,the drying rate increased with the increase in hot air temperature,and the migration of moisture was accelerated.The comparison of the correlation coefficient(R^(2)),chi-square(χ^(2)),and root mean standard error(RMSE)of each model indicated that the parameter average of the Midilli model had the highest degree of fit,with R^(2)=0.9992,χ^(2)=8.78×10^(-5),and RMSE=8.20×10^(-3).Besides,the D_(eff) at 30-70℃was in the range of 1.04×10^(-9)-6.28×10^(-9)m^(2)·s^(-1),and E_(a) was 37.47 kJ·mol^(-1).The volatile components of fresh Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and dried products at different temperatures were determined by GC-MS,and 18,18,18,17,17,and 18 compounds wer

关 键 词：白术 干燥动力学 热风干燥 经验模型 模型拟合 水分有效扩散系数 活化能 GC-MS 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]