土壤真菌群落对五台山亚高山草甸退化的响应  

Responses of Soil Fungal Communities to Subalpine Meadow Degradation in Mount Wutai

作　　者：罗正明[1,2] 赫磊 刘晋仙 胡砚秋 周妍英 郑庆荣 柴宝峰[2] LUO Zheng-ming;HE Lei;LIU Jin-xian;HU Yan-qiu;ZHUO Yan-ying;ZHENG Qing-rong;CHAI Bao-feng(Institute of Mount Wutai Cultural and Ecological Research,Department of Geography,Xinzhou Teachers University,Xinzhou 034003,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for Loess Plateau,Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Forestry and Grassland General Engineering Station,Taiyuan 030006,China;Department of Biology,Xinzhou Teachers University,Xinzhou 034003,China)

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院地理系,五台山文化生态研究院,忻州034003 [2]山西大学黄土高原研究所,黄土高原生态恢复山西省重点实验室,太原030006 [3]山西省林业和草原工程总站,太原030006 [4]忻州师范学院生物系,忻州034003

出　　处：《环境科学》2022年第6期3328-3337,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801962);山西省应用基础研究计划项目(201901D211457,201901D211129);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L465)。

摘　　要：草地退化已经成为了一个世界性的生态问题.尽管土壤微生物作为草地退化过程的主要参与者,在维持生态系统功能和提高土壤生产力中扮演着关键角色,但目前对草地退化引起的微生物群落变化及其与土壤性质和植物群落的关系知之甚少.本文利用Illumina MiSeq测序技术,对五台山亚高山草甸4个不同退化阶段[未退化(ND)、轻度退化(LD)、中度退化(MD)和重度退化(HD)]土壤真菌群落特征进行了分析.结果表明,子囊菌门、担子菌门和接合菌门是亚高山草甸土壤真菌的优势门.LEfSe分析显示不同退化程度草甸富集了不同的生物标志物,MD和HD富集了更多的病原真菌.与ND相比,HD土壤真菌群落丰富度和香农指数显著降低(P<0.05).非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)和相似性分析(ANOSIM)结果表明,真菌群落组成和结构在退化梯度上存在显著的差异(P<0.05).冗余分析(RDA)发现土壤含水量、总氮、植物丰富度和铵态氮是真菌群落组成和结构变化的主要驱动因子.植物与真菌群落之间的α多样性和β多样性均存在显著相关性(P<0.05),具有强耦合性.本研究结果为研究亚高山草甸不同退化阶段下土壤真菌群落变化及其驱动机制提供了理论基础.Grassland degradation has become a worldwide ecological problem.Although soil microorganisms,as the main participants in the process of grassland degradation,play a key role in maintaining ecosystem function and improving soil productivity,little is known about the changes in microbial communities caused by grassland degradation and their relationship with soil properties and plant communities.In this study,we used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to analyze the soil fungal communities of subalpine meadow soil at four different degradation stages[i.e.,non-degraded(ND),lightly degraded(LD),moderately degraded(MD),and heavily degraded(HD)]on Mount Wutai.The results showed that Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Zygomycota were the dominant phyla of soil fungi in the subalpine meadow,regardless of degradation stage.LEfSe showed that the subalpine meadows with different degradation degrees were enriched with different biomarkers.Compared with ND,MD and HD were enriched with more pathogenic fungi.Moreover,HD apparently decreased the richness and Shannon indexes of soil fungal communities compared with those of ND.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)and similarity analysis(ANOSIM)indicated that the compositions and structures of fungal communities were significantly different among meadows with different degradation degrees(P<0.05).Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that soil water content,total nitrogen,plant richness,and ammonium nitrogen were significantly correlated with the compositions and structures of fungal communities(P<0.05).There were significant correlations betweenαdiversity andβdiversity between plant and fungal communities(P<0.05),indicating strong coupling.The results of our study provide a theoretical basis for further research on the changes in soil fungal communities and their driving mechanism in different degradation stages of subalpine meadows.

关 键 词：真菌群落 亚高山草甸退化 微生物多样性 高通量测序 五台山 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]