论传统戏曲教育中“口传心授”的现代转换  

The Modern Transformation of Oral Instruction in Traditional Chinese Opera Education

作　　者：管尔东[1] GUAN Erdong(School of Culture Creativity and Media,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学文化创意与传媒学院,杭州311121

出　　处：《文化艺术研究》2022年第3期89-96,115,共9页Studies in Culture and Art

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“‘十七年’京剧传统剧目整理改编研究”(项目编号:21BZW158)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自古以来,“口传心授”始终是中国戏曲主要的传承方式。无论是入门基训,还是高层次的点拨,这种教育方式均有独到的方法和要求。由于和戏曲的艺术规律相契合,与梨园界的演艺生态、运作机制相匹配,看似原始、低效的“口传心授”式教学却培养了大量卓越的人才。当下,随着网络媒介的发展、普及,中国教育的现代化进程日益加速。然而,戏曲教育的改革不能盲从、冒进,必须根据教学内容的不同,有选择、渐进式地推进。慕课及虚拟仿真等科技手段只能部分实现“口传”的功能,无法彻底替代“心授”。Oral instruction has been a vital way of inheritance in Chinese Opera since ancient times. This way of teaching has its own methods and requirements whether on introductory or higher levels. It fits the artistic rules of Chinese Opera and the ecology and mechanism of the Chinese Opera industry and therefore cultivated a great number of talents despite its “primitiveness” and “inefficiency”. Nowadays, the modernization of Chinese education accelerates with the development and popularity of the Internet. However, we shall not blindly propose a revolution in Chinese Opera education but shall reform it selectively and progressively according to the studying program because new technology such as MOOCS and VR can partly fulfill the function of oral instruction but cannot exert its metaphysical influence over students.

关 键 词：教戏方法 教育改革 戏曲规律 梨园生态 口传心授 

分 类 号：J812.1[艺术—戏剧戏曲]