3~6岁儿童动物共情的发展及其与人际共情的关系研究  

A Study on Development of 3-6 Years Old Children's Inter-Animal Empathy and Its Relationship with Inter-Human Empathy

作　　者：阳泽[1] 董佳琦 YANG Ze;DONG Jiaqi(School of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;Longgang Special Education School, Shenzhen Guangdong 518116, China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]深圳市龙岗区特殊教育学校,广东深圳518116

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第7期101-109,共9页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目(20YJA880068).

摘　　要：为探讨3~6岁儿童动物共情的发展及其与人际共情的关系,采用修订的动物共情工具、共情连续体工具、人类—动物相似性工具对379名3~6岁的儿童进行测验.结果显示:3~6岁儿童动物共情发展随年龄递增,发展速度呈3个阶段,3.5岁是儿童动物共情发展的转折期,高兴维度得分较高;城市儿童动物共情在高兴、伤心维度及动物共情总体上显著高于农村儿童;动物共情与人际共情显著相关,人类—动物相似性在动物共情和人际共情中起到部分中介作用.To explore the development of inter-animal empathy and the relationship between inter-animal empathy and inter-personal empathy of children aged 3-6 years old,379 children aged 3-6 years were tested by using a modified inter-animal empathy tool,empathy continuum tool,and the human-animal similarity tool.The results show that the overall development of inter-animal empathy of children aged 3-6 years tended to increase with age.Besides,the developmental rate of inter-animal empathy in children aged 3-6 years could be divided into three stages,in which the turning point was 3.5 years old in the development of inter-animal empathy in children,for it scored higher on the happy dimension than other dimensions.Furthermore,urban children's inter-animal empathy level was significantly higher than that of rural children on the happy and sad dimensions and inter-animal empathy overall.Children aged 3-6 years'inter-animal empathy and inter-personal empathy were significantly correlated,and human-animal similarity played a partially mediating role in inter-animal empathy and inter-personal empathy.

关 键 词：3~6岁儿童 动物共情 人际共情 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]