话题熟悉度对二语口语产出的影响:认知负荷视角研究  

The effects of topic familiarity on L2 oral production:An exploration into cognitive load

作　　者：顾琦一 徐云凤 金夏妃 Gu Qiyi;Xu Yunfeng;Jin Xiafei

机构地区：[1]江南大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外语教学》2022年第3期67-74,共8页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(项目编号:JUSRP2003ZD);江苏省社科应用研究精品工程外语类课题一般资助项目“产出任务驱动的混合式教学研究”(项目编号:21SWB-21);江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度课题“基于认知负荷理论的外语学习效率研究”(项目编号:B|2021|01|09)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：为了更深入地探究话题熟悉度对二语学习者口语产出的影响,本次研究基于Levelt和de Bot的口语产出模型框架,通过控制对比试验,从复杂度、准确度、流利度和总体得分考察了话题熟悉度对口语产出质量的影响,并细究了任务引发的内在认知负荷、外在认知负荷、相关认知负荷和总认知负荷,及其与口语产出各指标的关系。结果发现:1)熟悉话题的产出质量更高,具体表现在复杂度、流利度和总体得分,但对准确度没有影响;2)熟悉话题引发的内在认知负荷、外在认知负荷和相关认知负荷相对较低,但总认知负荷与不熟悉话题相当;3)口语产出质量与内在认知负荷和外在认知负荷呈负相关,与相关认知负荷呈正相关。熟悉的话题在口语表达任务中不仅带入了内容图式,还可能带入了语言图式和形式图式,不仅仅促进了概念形成,还促进了构想和发音,因而提高了产出质量、降低了各类认知负荷。This study assays, within Levelt’s speaking model, the effects of topic familiarity on L2 oral production by investigating the complexity, accuracy, fluency and global performance of L2 speaking and measuring the intrinsic, extraneous, germane and total amount of cognitive load induced by the speaking tasks of a familiar and an unfamiliar topic. It is found that 1) familiarity with a topic facilitates complexity, fluency and global results of L2 speech, but not accuracy;2)the familiar topic induces lower intrinsic, extraneous and germane cognitive load than the unfamiliar topic, but the two groups are comparable in total amount of cognitive load;and 3) intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load correlates negatively with L2 oral production, while germane cognitive load correlates positively with L2 oral production. The familiar topic helps L2 learners with not only content schema, but also language schema and formal schema, which enhances conceptualization, formulation and articulation, and thus resulting in better performance and reduced cognitive load.

关 键 词：话题熟悉度 口语产出 认知负荷 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]