高速铁路道岔尖轨不足位移控制方法  

Control method for insufficient displacement of switch rail in high-speed railway turnout

作　　者：王璞 曾瑞东 王树国 WANG Pu;ZENG Rui-dong;WANG Shu-guo(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Hangzhou Railway Design Institute Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 310000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]杭州铁路设计院有限责任公司,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2022年第2期87-98,共12页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878661,51808557)。

摘　　要：为模拟运营条件下高速铁路道岔转辙器的转换过程,根据高速铁路道岔转辙器的转换特点,在道岔生产车间内建立了客专线18号道岔转辙器转换原型试验平台,采用轴销式称重传感器测量转辙器扳动力,以直、曲尖轨支距实际值与理论值之差为尖轨不足位移;通过转辙器转换试验探索了尖轨预弯、尖轨可动段长度、尖轨固定端扣件支距、滑床板摩擦因数、辊轮高度等因素对尖轨不足位移的影响机制和特征。试验结果表明:现有设计尖轨预弯可使尖轨不足位移下降30%以上;缩短尖轨可动段长度可减小尖轨不足位移,但同时会减小转辙器最小轮缘槽宽,并增大第3牵引点扳动力,尖轨最小轮缘槽宽和最后一个牵引点扳动力是缩短尖轨可动段长度的控制因素;小范围调整固定端所有扣件支距后,尖轨不足位移变化较小,仅减小固定端第1组扣件支距时,尖轨靠近固定端1.2m范围内不足位移略有降低,其余部分不足位移变化较小;在滑床板上安装辊轮或涂覆润滑剂等减小尖轨与滑床板摩擦因数的措施可有效降低尖轨扳动力和不足位移,实施减摩措施后,扳动力减幅约为30%,不足位移减幅超过20%;改变辊轮高度对尖轨不足位移的影响并不明显,但辊轮高度不宜过低,以防转换过程中辊轮失效导致扳动力和不足位移激增。研究结果可为高速铁路道岔转辙器结构优化和新一代400km·h^(-1)高速铁路道岔的研发提供参考。To simulate the switching process of high-speed railway turnout switch under operating conditions,according to the switching characteristics of high-speed railway turnout switch,an experimental platform of the switching prototype of passenger dedicated railway No.18turnout switch was established in a production workshop of turnout.The shaft pin type load cell was used to measure the switching force of the switch,and the difference between the actual and theoretical offset distances of straight and curved switch rails was taken as the insufficient displacement of switch rails.Switching experiments were carried out to explore the influence mechanism and characteristics of switch rail pre-bending,movable section length of switch rail,offset distance of fasteners at the fixed end of switch rail,friction coefficient of slide plate,and height of roller on the insufficient displacement of switch rail.Experimental results show that the designed switch rail pre-bending can reduce the insufficient displacement of switch rail by more than 30%,and the shortening of the movable section length of switch rail can reduce the insufficient displacement of switch rail,but decrease the minimum wheel flangeway width of the switch and increase the switching force at the third traction point.The minimum wheel flangeway width of swith rail and the switching force at the last traction point are the control factors for shortening the movable section length of switch rail.After the adjustment of the offset distances of all fasteners at the fixed end in a small range,the change of insufficient displacement of switch rail is small.When only reducing the offset distance of the first group of fasteners at the fixed end,the insufficient displacement of switch rail decreases slightly within the range of 1.2mclose to the fixed end,and the insufficient displacements at other sections change slightly.The measures of reducing the friction coefficient between the switch rail and the slide plate,such as the roller installation and lubricant coating on

关 键 词：高速铁路 道岔 尖轨 不足位移 扳动力 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]