走向具身:身体素养意涵及其在学校体育中的提升路径  

Toward the Embodiment:Implication of Physical Literacy and Its Promotion Path in School Physical Education

作　　者：刘黎 魏来来 侯同童 李有强[2] LIU Li;WEI Lailai;HOU Tongtong;LI Youqiang(School of Physical Education,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Journalism and Communication,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育学院新闻与传播学院,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2022年第7期42-55,共14页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：上海体育学院高水平国际化人才培养项目;2020年上海高校本科重点课程项目(225)。

摘　　要：为应对人类进入20世纪末以来由体育活动缺乏所引发的健康危机,身体素养(Physical Literacy)概念被重新诠释、凸显并成为当前学校体育教育目标的重要指向。身体素养的理论基础是典型的具身哲学,其概念主要基于一元论、现象学及存在主义,其中一元论作为身体素养的本体论基础,现象学和存在主义则构成身体素养的认识论基础。从概念界定角度而言,身体素养情感(动机和信心)、动作(运动模式和身体能力)、认知(知识和理解)等维度的发展与形成均具有鲜明的具身倾向。在学校体育实践中,只有充分理解身体素养的具身性,创设丰富的环境可供性使学生与之互动,从情感、动作、认知3个具身维度全方位发展学生的身体素养,才能促使学生通过“我可以、我掌握、我明白、我行动”的发展路径实现终身体育参与,促使其养成健康的生活习惯并提升其社会适应能力。In response to the health crisis due to the lack of physical activity since the beginning of the 21st century,the concept of physical literacy has been proposed,highlighted,and becomes an important aspect of the current school physical education objective.The theoretical basis of physical literacy is a typical embodiment philosophy,with its concept mainly based on monism,phenomenology and existentialism.With monism as the ontological basis,phenomenology and existentialism are considered the epistemological basis.From the perspective of conceptual definition,the development and formation of physical literacy dimensions such as emotion(motivation and confidence),movement(movement patterns and physical ability),and cognition(knowledge and understanding)have a distinct embodied tendency.In school physical education practice,only by fully understanding the embodied nature of physical literacy,creating a rich environmental affordance for students to interact with,and developing students'physical literacy from the three embodied dimensions(emotion,movement,and cognition),can we impel students to achieve life-long sports participation of"I can,I master,I understand,I act",and to encourage them to develop healthy living habits and also improve their social competency.

关 键 词：具身哲学 身体素养 学校体育 情感 动作 认知 终身体育 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]