强风载荷下桥梁风致行车安全与抗风方法研究  

Study on Wind-induced Driving Safety on Bridge and Wind Resistant Method under Strong Wind Load

作　　者：詹铠臻 刘功毫 袁志群[3] 王兆樑 林立[3] ZHAN Kai-zhen;LIU Gong-hao;YUAN Zhi-qun;WANG Zhao-liang;LIN Li(Xiamen Highway Bridge and Tunnel Maintenance and Emergency Center,Xiamen Fujian 361009,China;Xiamen Zhongping Highway Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen Fujian 361000,China;Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen Fujian 361024,China;Xiamen Highway Development Center,Xiamen Fujian 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市公路桥隧维护与应急中心,福建厦门361009 [2]厦门中平公路勘察设计院有限公司,福建厦门361000 [3]厦门理工学院,福建厦门361024 [4]厦门市公路事业发展中心,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2022年第5期104-111,139,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01275);福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目(2020H6022);福建省科技厅引导性项目(2021Y0045);福建省普通公路科研基金项目(201010);福建省交通运输科技项目(201903,202022);厦门市风工程服务平台项目(3502Z20161016)。

摘　　要：跨海大桥的风致行车安全评价及桥梁抗风设计是决定桥梁通行效率的关键技术问题,采用现有限速或限行的桥梁通行管理模式,不能适应未来智能交通发展的需要。为了获取跨海大桥上汽车在强风载荷下的安全行车速度,以厢式货车为研究对象,采用数值模拟方法建立了基于汽车空气动力学和汽车系统动力学的风-车-人闭环系统数值分析模型,基于侧偏事故评价准则提出了桥梁风致行车安全量化评价方法,得到了厢式货车在不同侧向风等级和路面条件下的安全行车速度。采用数值模拟方法和模型风洞试验方法提出了桥梁挡风障抗风设计的量化评价方法,分析了不同结构形式挡风障的抗风效果及其对厢式货车风致行车安全的影响规律,研究了挡风障对厢式货车周围流场的影响机理。结果表明:不同侧向风等级和路面条件下的安全行车速度存在明显差异,在25 m/s的侧向风作用下,厢式货车在干燥路面、潮湿路面以及积水桥面上的安全行车速度分别为50,50和40 km/h;板挖圆孔方案的挡风障抗风效果较佳,桥面风环境参数得到显著改善,货车在3种路面条件下行驶时的侧向偏移分别降低了41.3%,47.9%和72.6%,在桥梁允许的限行车速范围内(80 km/h)均能安全行驶。研究结论可为桥梁风致行车安全评估和抗风设计提供理论参考。The wind-induced driving safety evaluation and the wind-resistant design of sea-crossing bridge are the key issues to determine the bridge traffic efficiency, the existing bridge traffic management mode of speed restriction or traffic restriction cannot meet the needs of the development of intelligent transport in the future. In order to obtain the safe driving speed of vehicles on sea-crossing bridge under strong wind load, taking the van as the research object, the wind-vehicle-human closed-loop system numerical analysis model based on automobile aerodynamics and automobile system dynamics is established by numerical simulation. The quantitative evaluation method for bridge wind-induced driving safety based on the evaluation criteria of lateral deviation accident is proposed, and the safe driving speeds of van under different lateral wind levels and road conditions are obtained. The quantitative evaluation method for windbreak design is proposed by numerical simulation and wind tunnel test. The wind resistance effect of bridge windbreak with different structures and their influences on the wind-induced driving safety of vans are analyzed, and the influence mechanism of bridge windbreak on the flow field around van is studied. The result shows that(1) there are significant differences in safe driving speed under different lateral wind levels and road conditions, the safe driving speeds of van on the dry, wet and water bridge deck are 50, 50, 40 km/h respectively under the lateral wind action of 25 m/s;(2) the scheme of windbreak with circular hole has a better wind resistance effect, the wind environment parameters of the bridge deck are significantly improved, i. e., the lateral deviation of trucks under 3 road conditions is reduced by 41.3%, 47.9% and 72.6% respectively, and the trucks can run safely within the permitted speed limit(80 km/h) of the bridge. The conclusion can provide a theoretical reference for bridge wind-induced driving safety assessment and wind resistant design.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 风致行车安全 数值模拟 厢式货车 桥梁挡风障 风洞试验 汽车动力学 

分 类 号：U447[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U462[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]